黄河下游标准化堤防的论证与形成  

Demonstration and Formation of Standardized Embankment in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：李文家[1] 李焯[2] LI Wenjia;LI Zhuo(Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Hydrology Bureau,Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450004,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会,河南郑州450003 [2]黄河水利委员会水文局,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《人民黄河》2019年第10期53-57,共5页Yellow River

摘　　要：黄河下游堤防是华北平原乃至国家经济社会稳定发展和生态安全的保障线。该堤防是在黄河下游改道后重建的,且随着河床淤积升高而加高。1999年后,为解决堤防质量差、堤基复杂、部分堤段高度不足等问题,从历史险情、各类加固措施效果、稳定和渗流计算、抢险交通需求等方面对堤防建设断面进行了论证。挖取黄河泥沙加固堤防,淤固体一般宽100m,顶高比设防水位低2~3m,十分重要的堤段与设防水位平,顶部栽植适生林;堤顶宽12m,沥青碎石硬化,临河侧栽植30~50m宽防浪林,按设计安全改建重要险工,概括为黄河标准化堤防。至2018年标准化堤防主体工程建设完成,形成了黄河下游防洪安全保障线、抢险交通线、生态景观线。The embankment in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is a security line to ensure stable economic and social development and ecological security in North China Plain,or even the state.It was rebuilt after the channel change of the lower reaches of the Yellow River and heightened along with the increase of sedimentation.After 1999,in order to solve such problems as poor quality,complex foundation and insufficiency in height at some sections of the embankment,the construction section of embankment was demonstrated from the aspects of dangers in history,effects of various reinforcement measures,stability and seepage calculation and demands on rescue and traffic conditions.The embankment was reinforced by dredging the sediment from the Yellow River.The reinforcement used is generally 100 m wide and its crest elevation is 2-3 m lower than the design flood level,for very important sections of embankment,the crest elevation of reinforcement will be the same as design flood level,with adaptable forest grown on the crest.The crest of embankment is 12 m wide and hardened with asphalt macadam.Wave forest in a width of 30-50 m is grown by the river side.Critical vulnerable spots are safely renovated according to the design.On the whole,this embankment can be referred to as standardized embankment.The construction of main works for standardized embankment was completed in 2018,so this embankment has became a security line to ensure flood control safety,a traffic line for rescue and an ecological landscape line in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：标准化堤防 背景 论证 建设 作用 黄河下游 

分 类 号：TV871[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1