商业诋毁侵害客体性质研究——以相关裁判文书为考察样本  

Study on the Nature of the Object of Business Defamation:Taking the Relevant Judgment Documents as the Sample

作　　者：龙俊[1] LONG Jun(Renmin University of China Law School,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2019年第5期40-55,共16页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“商业诋毁侵害客体性质研究——以150份裁判文书为考察样本”(18XNH014)

摘　　要：关于商业诋毁侵害客体的性质,理论界以法人名誉权说、商誉权说、信用权说等进行概括陈述式的简易说理,而实务界中相关司法裁判也形式各异。对此问题的思考,可以分离出内部和外部两个观测视角。从内部视角看,具有高度经济利益性和适度人格依附性的商誉概念不仅可以作为商业诋毁最“适格”的客体承担者,而且还具有从一般利益走向类型化权利(即商誉权)的正当理由。从外部视角看,作为理论框架的“经济人格权”较传统民事人格权、商事人格权而言具有更为丰富的内涵,可为商誉权这一权利类型的生成提供解释空间。明确商业诋毁侵害客体之性质,既有利于宣示反不正当竞争法对商业诋毁的“规制主权”,又有利于法院在司法裁判中的准确理解和统一适用。In the exploration of the problem about the nature of the object of business defamation, the theoretical circle simply uses “legal person’s right of reputation”,“right of goodwill”,“right of credit ” to prove above-mentioned problem, which caused the confusion on the relevant judicial application. There are internal and external perspectives of observation concerning this question. From the internal perspective, the concept of goodwill with highly economic benefits and moderate personality dependency cannot only be considered as the most appropriate object of business defamation, but also has good causes from general interests to the typed rights. From the external perspective, compared with the traditional civil and commercial personality rights, the theoretical framework of “economic right of personality” has the richer connotation, which can provide the interpretation space for the existence of the right type of “goodwill”. Keeping the possibilities of setting up the right of goodwill in the anti-unfair competition law in the future, it is good for the anti-unfair competition law to declare its right of regulation on commercial defamation, and it’s also good for courts to get accurate understandings and uniform applications in the judicial judgment.

关 键 词：商誉 利益 权利 名誉权 经济人格权 

分 类 号：DF414[政治法律—经济法学]