酸敏感离子通道在听觉系统和前庭系统中的表达与功能  

The expression and function of acid-sensing ion channels in auditory system and vestibular system

作　　者：张玲[1] 邢雅智 叶海波[1] 时海波[1] Zhang Ling;Xing Yazhi;Ye Haibo;Shi Haibo(Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Affiliated Sixth People′s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200233,Chin)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,200233

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2019年第9期708-711,共4页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81470690).

摘　　要：酸敏感离子通道(acid-sensing ion channels,ASIC)是一类胞外H+激活的阳离子通道,属于阿米洛利敏感的上皮钠通道/退化蛋白(epithelial Na+channel/degenerin,ENaC/DEG)超家族中的一员,在细胞外酸化时该通道被激活并产生相应的动作电位.ASIC广泛分布在周围和中枢神经系统中,在突触可塑性、机械感受、与局部组织酸中毒相关的伤害感受、酸味接收以及视网膜调节等方面发挥功能.本文对ASIC在耳蜗、前庭组织及听觉中枢中的表达、生物学特点以及功能进行综述,以增进对听觉系统生理及病理生理的了解.Acid-sensing ion channels are a class of extracellular H+activated cation channels, belonging to the amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+channel/degenerin (ENaC/DEG) superfamily. During extracellular acidification, the channels are activated and produce corresponding action potential. Acid-sensing ion channels are extensively expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system. It plays an important in synaptic plasticity, mechanical sensation, injury sensation related to acidosis of local tissues, acid reception and retinal regulation. This article reviews the expression, biological characteristics and functions of acid-sensing ion channels in cochlea, vestibular tissue and auditory center, so as to improve the understanding of physiology and pathophysiology of auditory system.

关 键 词：酸敏感离子通道 上皮钠通道 耳蜗 前庭 迷路 

分 类 号：R339.16[医药卫生—人体生理学]