豨莶草茎、枝、叶的化学成分比较分析  

A Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of the Stem, Branch and Leaf from Herba Siegesbeckiae

作　　者：郝五四 范自全 奚健强 程志红[1] HAO Wusi;FAN Ziquan;XI Jianqiang;CHENG Zhihong(National Pharmaceutical Engineering and Research Center,China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry,Shanghai 201203;Thermo Fisher Scientific(China) Limited Company,Shanghai 201206)

机构地区：[1]中国医药工业研究总院药物制剂国家工程研究中心,上海201203 [2]赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司,上海201206

出　　处：《中国医药工业杂志》2019年第9期987-992,共6页Chinese Journal of Pharmaceuticals

基　　金：上海市科委中药现代化专项基金(14401901700)

摘　　要：采用HPLC和UHPLC/Q Exactive Focus对比分析了中药豨莶草茎、枝、叶中的化学成分,为豨莶草用药部位的选择提供依据。以HPLC法测定17批市售合格豨莶草药材及茎、枝、叶中奇壬醇的含量,平均含量分别为0.16%、0.01%、0.04%、0.56%。采用UHPLC/Q Exactive Focus从豨莶草叶中鉴定80个化合物,主要为奇壬醇、豨莶苷、豨莶精醇、黄芩素、腺苷、水苏碱、枸橼酸、咖啡酸、3-香豆酸、3,4-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、木樨草素、肉豆蔻酸单甘油酯、松柏酸、13-氧-9E,11E-十八碳二烯酸、多种脂肪酸等化学成分。研究表明,豨莶草茎、枝中的奇壬醇平均含量均低于中国药典中0.05%的限量标准,尤其是茎中的奇壬醇含量低至0.01%,且其他成分种类和含量均较少。而豨莶草药材中茎的质量占比高达38.9%~57.5%。奇壬醇叶在药材中的质量占比仅为15.8%~29.7%,其含量高、化学成分丰富,可能是发挥药效的主要部分。因此,豨莶草药材采收、干燥、贮存过程中均应重视保护易碎易损的叶子,提高药材中叶子的比例;建议新版药典将豨莶草叶作为入药部位。An HPLC and UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus method was adapted to study the chemical composition of stem, branch and leaf of Herba Siegesbeckiae, a long-history Chinese medicine for treating arthritis. The results showed that the average contents of kirenol in herbs, stems, branches and leaves of Herba Siegesbeckiae was 0.160%, 0.010%, 0.040% and 0.555%, respectively. An UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus method was established for identifying chemical constituents of stems, branches and leaves of the herbs. Almost 80 chemical constituents from leaves of Herba Siegesbeckiae were identified and the main of them were kirenol, darutoside, darutigenol, scutellarin, adenosine, DLstachydrine, citric acid, caffic acid, 3-coumaric acid, 3,4-di-caffeoylquinic acid, luteolin, monomyristin,(-)-pinellic acid, 13-oxo-9E,11E-octadecadienoic acid and fatty acids. The study indicates that, the average contents of kirenol in branches and stems was both lower than the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, in particular, the contents of the stems was as low as 0.010% and other constituents in the stems was less abundant. However, the proportion of stems in herbs was up to 38.9%-57.5%. The proportion of leaves with high content of kirenol and rich in chemical composition was only 15.8%-29.7% due to without proper protection fragile leaves when they were harvested. So the UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus method was used to distinguish the chemical components of stems, branches and leaves from Herba Siegesbeckiae for the first time, and the results showed that leaves of Herba Siegesbeckiae was an ideal parts for medicine.

关 键 词：豨莶草 化学成分 奇壬醇 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学] TQ460.72[医药卫生—药学]