钾肥对甘薯品种‘龙紫4号’高产生理特性的影响  

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer on High-yielding Physiological Trait of a New Sweet Potato Variety ’Longzi 4’

作　　者：黄艳霞[1] 郭其茂[1] 林子龙[1] 陈根辉[1] HUANG Yanxia;GUO Qimao;LIN Zilong;CHEN Genhui(Longyan Institute of Agriculture Sciences,Longyan,Fujian 364000)

机构地区：[1]龙岩市农业科学研究所

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2019年第9期19-23,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(No.2018S0024);国家甘薯产业体系龙岩综合试验站(No.CARS-10-C7);福建省科技重大专项(No.2017NZ0002-2)

摘　　要：为了研究钾肥对紫心甘薯品种‘龙紫4号’的高产栽培影响,以紫心甘薯‘龙紫4号’为材料,设置不施钾肥处理(CK)、施钾(K2O)80kg/hm^2(K1)、施钾(K2O)160kg/hm^2(K2)、施钾(K2O)320kg/hm^2(K3)等4个施钾水平,在甘薯整个生育期内定期取样,测定甘薯地上部生物性状、地上茎叶和地下块根干物质积累量,叶片相对叶绿素含量。结果表明:施钾肥处理的甘薯前期地上部茎叶生长比不施肥的快,分枝数明显多于CK,K2处理,茎叶生长速度前期快速,中后期稳定,利于后期地下部块根的积累;施钾(K2O)160kg/hm^2对‘龙紫4号’地下薯块干物质的累积最合适,光合产物向地下根部转移的速度明显高于其他处理,过量增施钾肥对甘薯地下部干物质的累积效果不显著。试验中,施钾量(K2O)160kg/hm^2是‘龙紫4号’高产高效的施钾栽培模式。Purple sweet potato variety'Longzi 4'was treated with potassium fertilizer at different rates(0 kg/ha(CK),80 kg/ha(K1),160 kg/ha(K2),320 kg/ha(K3))to analyze the effects of potassium fertilizer on the high-yield cultivation of the sweet potato variety'Longzi 4'.The sweet potato variety'Longzi 4'was sampled regularly during the whole cycle of its growth to determine its biological traits above the ground,its relative content of leaf chlorophyll and cumulative dry matter contents of its shoots,leaves and roots.The results showed that'longzi 4'plants treated with potassium fertilizer grew faster than the control(without application of potassium fertilizer),and produced more branches(10.8).The plants treated with potassium fertilizer at 160 kg/ha or K2 produced shoots and leaves faster at the early stage and steady at the middle and late stages,which was conducive to the accumulation of dry matters in tuberous roots.The treatment K2 was most suitable for accumulation of dry matters in tuberous roots,and had an obviously higher rate of transfer of products of photosynthesis to the underground root than other treatments.The excessive application of potassium fertilizer had no significant effect on the accumulation of dry matters.In this experiment,'Longzi 4'sweet potato applied with potassium fertilizer at a rate of 160 kg/ha produced higher yield and more benefits.

关 键 词：钾肥 甘薯 高产 '龙紫4号’ 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]