灾害社会工作的经验探索及本土化思考  

Reflection on Exploration and Localization of Disaster Social Work

作　　者：陈虹霖[1] 张帆 Chen Hong-lin;Zhang Fan

机构地区：[1]复旦大学社会工作系

出　　处：《社会建设》2019年第5期50-57,共8页Social Construction

摘　　要：作为一门以助人自助为核心理念的专业,社会工作在介入灾难管理方面具有天然优势。多角度对国内外近年灾害社会工作研究的梳理发现,我国灾害社会工作研究在汶川地震后经历了飞跃式发展:以“人”为本、以“社区”为基本单位、“赋权”视角、“公私协作”、“整合与系统化”的灾后介入的理论提炼已成为学者们的共识;介入实务上关于灾害管理周期、社工角色与功能、需求评估、哀伤辅导、专业关系的建立等实务技巧也有所发展;但灾害社会工作目前仍以“功能主义”、“应急式”研究为主,而从建构主义视角发掘灾害的社会内部因素、建构新的话语体系仍显不足。Social work is a profession that upholds the principle of“help people to help themselves”.It has professional strengths in disaster management.The paper conducted empirical analysis through literature review in recent years both in English and Chinese.It concluded that the study on disaster social work in China has undergone a leap-forward development after the Wenchuan earthquake.The main achievements are as follows:(1)the theoretical refinement of post-disaster intervention on the basis of“person-centered”,“community as foundation”,“empowerment perspective”,“public-private collaboration”,“integration and systematization”has become the mutual understanding among scholars;(2)there were some developments of practical skills on the subjects of disaster management cycle,social workers’roles and functions,needs assessment,grief counseling and professional relationship building;(3)on the other hand,research on disaster social work still focuses on“functionalism”and presents a characteristic of“emergency copying style”,while there are insufficient concerns about exploring the social internal factors of disasters.There is also a lack of the constructivism framework so as to construct a new discourse system in the field of disaster social work.

关 键 词：灾害 社会工作 本土化 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]