小流域淤地坝系的溃决洪水分析  

Breach flood analysis of warping dam system in small watersheds

作　　者：张幸幸[1] 陈祖煜[1] ZHANG Xing-xing;CHEN Zu-yu(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2019年第10期1845-1853,共9页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401603);国家自然科学基金项目(41731289);中国水科院基本科研业务费项目(GE0145B562017)

摘　　要：中国黄土高原建成了数量众多的淤地坝,形成了大量的小流域坝系。当坝系的空间分布不合理时,一坝溃决往往引起下游坝连锁溃决。为了合理评价坝系的整体防洪能力,提出了一套模拟暴雨引起淤地坝坝系连锁溃决过程的方法。定义了坝系中坝的分级规则,提出了一种自动确定每座坝分级的方法。根据坝的分级从低到高的次序,依次对坝系中的每座坝进行产流分析、水库调蓄分析、溃坝判别和溃坝洪水分析,从而模拟坝系的连锁溃决过程。基于上述方法编制了计算程序,对陕西省绥德县的王茂沟小流域坝系的连锁溃决问题进行了模拟,并结合有关淤地坝水毁调查资料对模拟结果进行了分析。A large number of warping dams, which have formed lots of dam systems in small watersheds, have been built in the Loess Plateau of China.When the layout of a dam system is inappropriate, breach of one dam usually causes chain failure of the downstream dams.In order to properly evaluate the flood control capacity of a whole warping dam system, a method to simulate the chain breach process of warping dam systems caused by rainstorm is proposed.A grading rule for dams in a system is defined, and a method for automatically determining the grade of each dam is put forward.According to the grade, from low to high, the runoff yield analysis, storage analysis, dam-breach judgment and dam-breach flood analysis are carried out sequentially for each dam to simulate the chain failure process of a dam system.These methods are implemented in a program and is used to simulate the chain breach process of the Wangmaogou warping dam system in Suide County, Shaanxi Province, China, and the results are discussed in comparison with the investigated flood damage in July 2012.

关 键 词：淤地坝 小流域坝系 溃坝 暴雨 洪水 

分 类 号：TU431[建筑科学—岩土工程]