磷基材料对铅酸蓄电池污染场地土壤铅的稳定化研究  

Stabilization of lead in the soil of lead-acid battery contaminated site with phosphorus-based materials

作　　者：宋子文 张琢 郭观林[3] 周真宇 许心怡 胡云霄 SONG Ziwen;ZHANG Zhuo;GUO Guanlin;ZHOU Zhenyu;XU Xinyi;HU Yunxiao(School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences (Beijing),Beijing 100083;Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]自然资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京100035 [3]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2019年第10期1188-1192,1197,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.41571311）;2019年度中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目（No.53200759566）

摘　　要：运用不同磷基材料对铅酸蓄电池污染场地土壤进行稳定化修复,通过毒性特征浸出测试、简单生物提取测试和效果—成本分析确定适用于铅酸蓄电池污染场地的磷基材料,并采用MINTEQ化学平衡模型模拟磷基材料添加后土壤中铅赋存状态的改变、识别土壤中铅的迁移受控相。结果表明:(1)优选的3种磷基材料(磷酸二氢钾(KP)、磷酸二氢钾+轻烧氧化镁(KPM)和磷酸二氢钾+贝壳粉(SKP))对铅的稳定率高于92%,可使铅的生物可给度降低幅度达到12百分点以上,修复成本为65~180元/t。(2)3种磷基材料可明显降低土壤中Pb^2+活度。KP和SKP添加后土壤中铅的迁移性主要受Pb5(PO4)3Cl控制;KPM添加后土壤中铅的迁移性主要受Pb5(PO4)3OH和Pb5(PO4)3Cl控制。Based on lead in soil of lead-acid battery contaminated site,bench-scale batch experiments of stabilization treatment were conducted using various phosphorus-based materials to screen out the suitable amendments. The stabilization effectiveness was evaluated by determining the change of concentration of available lead in soils through toxicity characteristics leaching procedure,the change of lead bioaccessibility by simple bioaccessibility extraction test and cost-effective analysis of stabilization materials. The activity and chemical speciation of lead were modeled by MINTEQ chemical equilibrium model. The results showed that:(1) three phosphorous-based materials ( KH 2PO 4 (KP), KH 2PO 4 +light burned magnesia (KPM) and KH 2PO 4 +shell powder (SKP)) were preferred. With three phosphorous-based materials,lead stabilization rates were higher than 92%,the lead bioaccessibility was decreased by more than 12 percentage point,and the remediation costs were 65-180 yuan/t.(2) The lead activity in the soil solution markedly decreased treated by three phosphorous-based materials. Pb 5(PO 4) 3Cl was the primary mineral controlling lead solubility in soil amended with KP and SKP,while lead activity was mainly related to Pb 5(PO 4) 3OH and Pb 5(PO 4) 3Cl in soil treated by KPM.

关 键 词：铅酸蓄电池 铅污染土壤 稳定化 磷基材料 毒性浸出 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53