中国环保企业绩效及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the efficiency and influencing factors of environmental enterprises in China

作　　者：薛婕[1] 马忠玉[2,3] 赵鑫[1] 裴莹莹[1] 周景博[3] XUE Jie;MA Zhongyu;ZHAO Xin;PEI Yingying;ZHOU Jingbo(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;State Information Center,Beijing 100045;School of Environment & Natural Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]国家信息中心,北京100045 [3]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2019年第10期1251-1255,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：环境保护部公益性行业科研专项（No.201209055）

摘　　要：采用数据包络分析法(DEA)-Tobit模型,对中国4319家环保产品生产企业和2791家污染设施运营企业的绩效和影响因素开展了研究。结果表明,中国环保企业整体绩效低下,相对规模过小和技术无效是造成中国环保企业绩效低下的主要原因。环保产品生产企业的显著影响因素为所有制、从业特征、研发人员和出口合同额;污染设施运营企业的显著影响因素为企业聚集、所有制、从业特征和上市情况。不同影响因素对两类环保企业的影响强度不同,在制定促进环保产业发展的政策措施时,应对两类企业进行差别化对待。Based on 4 319 environmental protection products manufacturing enterprises and 2 791 pollution device operation enterprises in China,the efficiency of environmental enterprises and their influencing factors were studied by employing DEA-Tobit model. Results showed that the efficiency of environmental enterprises in China were low in general. Relative small scale and technical ineffectiveness were the main reasons for the low efficiency. For environmental protection products manufacturing enterprises,the influencing factors that passed the significance test were ownership,industruial characteristics,research and development personnel,and export contract amount. For pollution device operation enterprises,the influencing factors that passed the significance test were enterprise aggregation,ownership,industrial characteristics,and stock market launch. The influencing factors had different intensity on two types of environmental enterprises. Therefore,envrionmental policies and measures should be taken in accordance with the different environmental enterprises.

关 键 词：环保企业 绩效 影响因素 数据包络分析法-Tobit模型 

分 类 号：X324[环境科学与工程—环境工程]