等值电阻法计算配网损耗的误差量化分析  

Error analysis of equivalent resistance method for distribution theoretical line-loss

作　　者：李琼林 刘书铭 谭甜源[2] 代双寅 王毅 张国梁 段玉玮 LI Qiong-lin;LIU Shu-ming;TAN Tian-yuan;DAI Shuang-yin;WANG Yi;ZHANG Guo-liang;DUAN Yu-wei(Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Henan Electric Power Company, Zhengzhou 450052, China;School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

机构地区：[1]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,河南郑州450052 [2]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《电力科学与技术学报》2019年第3期156-165,共10页Journal of Electric Power Science And Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51307127);国家电网公司科技项目(52170217000Q)

摘　　要：10kV配网理论线损一般采用《电力网电能损耗计算导则》推荐的基于配变容量的等值电阻法进行估算,该方法基于3条假设:①各配变负荷功率因数与馈线首端负荷功率因数相同;②各配变负荷曲线与馈线首端负荷曲线形状相似;③各节点电压与馈线首端相同,即忽略沿线电压降对线损的影响。实际线路运行情况并非如此理想,因此其估算结果必然存在一定误差。该文根据配电网的典型拓扑和参数,通过抽象简化建模,对基于配变容量的等值电阻法的估算误差进行详细量化分析。分析结果表明:在典型参数下,等值电阻法估算理论线损的相对误差为-12%^+14%,精度不高,勉强可用于检验统计线损结果的合理性、分析电网的节能潜力。The theoretical line-loss of 10 kV distribution network is usually estimated by the Equivalent Resistance Method recommended by “The guide of calculating Line-loss of electric power grid”. In order to simplified the calculation process, Equivalent Resistance Method adopts the transformer capacity to estimate load distribution along line based on three assumptions: 1. Each distribution transformer has the same load power factor;2.The load curve of each distribution transformer is similar;3. The voltage of each node is the same as that of the distribution feeder, i.e., voltage drops along the line are ignored. The actual line operation is not so ideal. Therefore, there must be some errors in the estimation results. Based on the typical topology and parameters of distribution network, this paper builds a series of simplified models to quantitatively analyze the estimation error of the Equivalent Resistance Method. The results show that the total relative estimate error of the method is between -12% and + 14%. It’s obvious that the accuracy of Equivalent saving Resistance Method is not very high, but satisfies the need to test the rationality of the statistical line loss and analyze the energy saving potential of the power grid.

关 键 词：理论线损 等值电阻法 负荷形状系数 误差量化分析 

分 类 号：TM714.3[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]