生物炭对北方寒区农田土壤热性能参数的影响  

Influence of Biochar on Soil Thermal Properties in Northern Cold Regions

作　　者：马效松 付强 徐淑琴[1,2] 李天霄 侯仁杰[1] 于鑫彤 MA Xiaosong;FU Qiang;XU Shuqin;LI Tianxiao;HOU Renjie;YU Xintong(School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Use of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学农业农村部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2019年第10期298-305,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51679039);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(51825901)

摘　　要：为揭示生物炭对土壤热特性参数的影响规律,以施加不同生物炭的北方寒区农田土壤为研究对象,设置土壤含水率水平分别为0%、8%、16%、24%、32%、40%,利用ISOMET2114型热性能分析仪,测定土壤在15^-15℃温度范围内导热率、热扩散率和体积热容量的变异特征,探究生物炭调控作用下土壤热特性参数对水热环境的响应机理。研究结果表明:在冻结与非冻结状态下,随土壤含水率增加,土壤导热率、体积热容量和热扩散率均表现出增大趋势,在3℃条件下,生物炭含量为0 t/hm^2、含水率为24%和32%时,土壤导热率相对于含水率为16%时分别增加0.141 4、0.580 5 W/(m·K)。随生物炭含量增加,土壤导热率和热扩散率呈降低趋势,体积热容量在非冻结情况下呈降低趋势,在冻结情况下则呈增大趋势,在-3℃条件下,含水率为32%、生物炭含量为4 t/hm^2和6 t/hm^2时,土壤体积热容量相对于0 t/hm^2水平分别增加0.16、0.20 J/(cm^3·K)。土壤导热率与含水率呈对数函数关系,土壤体积热容量与含水率呈线性函数关系,土壤热扩散率与含水率呈二次函数关系。本研究结果可为准确描述北方寒区农田土壤热性能和生物炭改良土壤技术提供理论依据。In order to reveal the influence of biochar on soil thermal properties,the farmland soils with different biochar contents were studied in northern cold regions.Soil moisture levels were set at 0%,8%,16%,24%,32%and 40%,respectively.The variation characteristics of soil thermal conductivity,thermal diffusivity and thermal capacity within the temperature range of 15^-15℃were measured by ISOMET2114,and the response mechanism of soil thermal characteristic parameters to soil hydrothermal regime was investigated with different biochar contents.Results showed that with the increase of soil moisture,the soil thermal properties had increasing trend while freezing and non-freezing.Under the condition of 3℃and biochar content of 0 t/hm^2,the soil thermal conductivity was increased by 0.141 4 W/(m·K)and 0.580 5 W/(m·K),respectively,with the soil moisture content at 24%and 32%,compared with that at 16%.With the increase of biochar,the soil thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity were decreased,and the thermal capacity was decreased while non-freezing and increased while freezing.Under the condition of-3℃and moisture content of 32%,the soil thermal capacity was increased by 0.16 J/(cm^3·K)and 0.20 J/(cm^3·K),respectively,with the biochar content of 4 t/hm^2 and 6 t/hm^2,compared with that of 0 t/hm^2.There was a logarithmic relationship between soil thermal conductivity and moisture content,a linear relationship between thermal capacity and moisture content,and a quadratic relationship between thermal diffusivity and moisture content.The effects of biochar on thermal properties of frozen and non-frozen soils were studied with different soil moisture contents,and the influence of biochar on the thermal properties of frozen soils was firstly analyzed using freezing characteristic curve,which provided theoretical basis for accurately describing the soil thermal condition and applying biochar to improve the soil in northern cold region.

关 键 词：北方寒区 生物炭 土壤导热率 土壤体积热容量 土壤热扩散率 

分 类 号：S152.8[农业科学—土壤学] S156.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]