用于放射性核素吸附分离的有机多孔材料研究进展  

Advance in Porous Organic Adsorbent for Radionuclide Adsorption and Separation

作　　者：徐杨 王鹏 赵敏 牛智伟[1] 潘多强[1,2] 吴王锁[1,2] XU Yang;WANG Peng;ZHAO Min;NIU Zhiwei;PAN Duoqiang;WU Wangsuo(School of Nuclear Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design of Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学核科学与技术学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学特殊功能材料与结构设计教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2019年第10期1773-1787,共15页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21806063,U1730245);甘肃省引导科技创新发展专项资助(2018ZX-07)

摘　　要：在核能的开发利用过程中会不可避免地向环境系统释放放射性核素,对核能发展及环境安全造成压力。放射性污染介质的净化修复是核环境安全和核能可持续发展所关注的重要方面,也是人与自然和谐共生的重要前提。近年来,有机多孔材料由于稳定性好、比表面积大、易于进行结构调控和功能化等优点,作为一类新型吸附材料在环境放射性污染治理领域展现出巨大的潜能。本文介绍近年来有机多孔材料在放射性核素分离领域的研究进展,并从计算机辅助设计和实际应用两方面,讨论有机多孔材料在放射性核素吸附分离方面的机遇与挑战,以期为我国开发高效的放射性污染控制方法和工艺提供参考。The development of nuclear energy has produced a large quantity of radioactive wastes,which pose potential risk for nuclear energy development and environmental safety.Therefore,the decontamination and remediation of radioactive contaminated media are not only a significant point in nuclear environmental safety and sustainable development of nuclear energy,but also an important prerequisite for the harmonious development between human and nature.In recent years,porous organic materials have drawn attention as a new adsorbent for environmental radioactive pollution,which have advantages of high stability,large specific surface area and adjustable functional structure.In present review,the advance and application of porous organic adsorbents in radionuclide adsorption and separation were summarized,the structure and function relationship between radionuclides and porous organic adsorbents were discussed basing on computation assistant design and application.Furthermore,the opportunities and challenges of porous organic adsorbents in future application were discussed.The discussion is referable for the development of novel adsorbents and methods for radioactive pollution management.

关 键 词：有机多孔吸附剂 放射性核素 分离 进展 

分 类 号：TL942.1[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]