阳离子水性聚氨酯功能化石墨烯的制备及对聚氨酯弹性体的复合改性  

Preparation of Cationic Waterborne Polyurethane Functionalized Graphene and Its Modification on Polyurethane Elastomers

作　　者：蒋玉湘[1] 赵洪祥 赵天宝 李再峰[1] Yuxiang Jiang;Hongxiang Zhao;Tianbao Zhao;Zaifeng Li(KeyLaboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering of State Cultivation Base,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学生态化工国家重点实验室培育基地

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2019年第9期150-156,共7页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2018GGX102018);国家自然科学基金资助项目(21676150,21176126)

摘　　要：采用自制的阳离子水性聚氨酯树脂对氧化石墨烯(GO)进行表面修饰制得聚氨酯功能化的氧化石墨烯(MGO),经原位聚合法制备MGO/聚氨酯(MGO/PU)杂化弹性体。利用红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重分析、差示扫描量热分析、透射电镜、扫描电镜等测试手段表征和分析了MGO的结构和性能以及对聚氨酯弹性体的改性。研究结果表明,经阳离子水性聚氨酯成功改性后的GO,片层间距扩大,层数减小,水溶性变为油溶性,有序结晶结构转变为无序结构。MGO的加入降低了聚氨酯弹性体软段的玻璃化转变温度,提高了PU软段区和硬段区的最快分解温度。MGO/PU弹性体拉伸强度达到50.6 MPa,远超于PU和GO/PU。弹性体断面的扫描电镜图显示,在MGO/PU复合材料中,MGO纳米粒子分布均匀,与PU基体的作用力显著提高。Polyurethane functionalized graphene oxide(MGO) was prepared by surface modification of graphene oxide(GO) with self-made cationic waterborne polyurethane resin. MGO/polyurethane(MGO/PU) hybrid elastomers were synthesized by in-situ polymerization. The structure and properties of MGO and its effect on polyurethane were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TG, DSC, TEM, SEM and other methods. The results show that GO is successfully modified by waterborne polyurethane. Its interlayer spacing becomes larger, the number of layers is reduced, the water solubility changes into oil-soluble, and the ordered crystal structure is transformed into a disordered structure. The addition of MGO reduces the glass transition temperature of the soft segments of the polyurethane elastomer and enhances the fastest decomposition temperature of the soft segments and hard segments of PU. The tensile strength of MGO/PU elastomers reaches 50.6 MPa, far more than that of PU and GO/PU. SEM images of the elastomer section shows that MGO nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the MGO/PU composites, and the interaction between the MGO nanoparticles and PU is significantly increased.

关 键 词：氧化石墨烯 表面改性 复合材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]