氯化锌水溶液为溶剂制备的聚丙烯腈过滤膜  

Polyacrylonitrile Filtration Membranes Prepared by ZnCl2 Aqueous Solution

作　　者：李天泽 赵孔银[1,2] 王晓辉[2] 李金刚[2] 冯霞[1] 王晓磊[1] 魏俊富[1] Tianze Li;Kongyin Zhao;Xiaohui Wang;Jingang Li;Xia Feng;Xiaolei Wang;Junfu Wei(State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes,Tianjin Polytechnic University;School of MaterialsScience and Engineering,TianjinPolytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室 [2]天津工业大学材料学院,天津300387

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2019年第9期157-162,共6页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678409,51708407,21476172);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(16JCZDJC37500,17JCQNJC08700,18JCYBJC18100);大学生创新创业训练计划(201710058020,201710058069);天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划(TD13-5042)

摘　　要：为了避免使用有机溶剂引起的环境污染问题,以高浓度氯化锌水溶液为溶剂,氧化-还原引发丙烯腈聚合得到的聚丙烯腈(PAN)为铸膜液,以水为凝固浴制备聚丙烯腈过滤膜,记为PAN(ZnCl2)膜。同时以二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂溶解商品化PAN,以水为凝固浴制备PAN过滤膜,记为PAN(DMF)膜。通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射对2种膜的形貌结构进行表征,研究了2种膜的力学性能、亲水性、抗污染性,以及对不同染料的过滤性能。结果表明,PAN(ZnCl2)膜比PAN(DMF)膜在亲水性、抗污染性、力学性能方面均有提高。在0.1 MPa的压力下,PAN(ZnCl2)膜的纯水通量达到70 L/(m2·h),染料溶液的通量在50~65 L/(m2·h),对刚果红(Mw=696.68)、直接黄27(Mw=662.62)和苋菜红(Mw=604.47)的截留率分别为100%、100%和55%;PAN(DMF)膜的水通量达到150 L/(m2·h),其对刚果红、直接黄27和苋菜红的截留率仅为92%、68%和19%,且膜易被染料污染。In order to avoid environmental pollution caused by the use of organic solvents, a high concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution was used as solvent, acrylonitrile was initiated by an oxidation-reduction initiation system to obtain a polyacrylonitrile casting solution, and the polyacrylonitrile(PAN) filtration membrane was prepared by using water as coagulation bath, which was recorded as PAN(ZnCl2) membrane. At the same time, PAN filtration membranes were also prepared by using dimethylformamide(DMF) as organic solvent, commercial PAN as raw material and water as coagulation bath, and the membrane was recorded as PAN(DMF) membrane. The morphology of the two membranes was characterized by SEM and XRD. The mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, anti-contamination, and filtration properties of the two dyes of the two membranes were investigated. Results show that PAN(ZnCl2) membranes have higher hydrophilicity, pollution resistance and mechanical properties than PAN(DMF) membranes. Under the pressure of 0.1 MPa, the water flux of PAN(ZnCl2) membrane reaches 70 L/(m2·h), the flux of dye aqueous solution is 50~65 L/(m2·h), the membrane has anti-dye pollution performance. The retention rates of PAN(ZnCl2) membrane for Congo red(Mw=696.68), Direct Yellow 27(Mw=662.62) and Amaranth(Mw=604.47) are 100%, 100% and 55%, respectively. Although the water flux of PAN(DMF) membrane reaches 150 L/(m2·h), its retention rates for Congo red, direct yellow 27 and amaranth are only 92%, 68% and 19%, respectively, and PAN(DMF) is easily contaminated by the dyes.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈 氯化锌 二甲基甲酰胺 过滤膜 染料截留 

分 类 号：TQ325.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]