中国城镇职业女性的延迟退休政策态度研究  

A Study of the Urban Professional Females’ Attitudes toward the Policy of Delayed Retirement

作　　者：王军[1] 李向梅 WANG Jun;LI Xiang-mei(The School of Sociology and Anthropolgy,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275;School of Public Administration,Guangdong University of Finance&Economics, Guangzhou 510320)

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州510275 [2]广东财经大学公共管理学院,广东广州510320

出　　处：《南方人口》2019年第5期15-23,14,共10页South China Population

摘　　要：作为重大公共决策,延迟退休政策引发了社会各阶层的广泛关注和热烈讨论,而是否应该实施男女同龄退休制度则是其中的议论焦点之一。本文利用2014年中国劳动力动态调查的原始数据,对中国城镇职业女性的延迟退休政策态度及其可能原因进行了定量分析。研究发现,虽然当前女性平均退休年龄要明显低于男性,并且具有延迟退休意愿的女性比例要高于男性,但女性相比男性反而更加反对延迟退休政策,这与通常的看法并不一致。基于此,本文继续分析了造成该现象的直接原因,一是女性其实并不希望与男性同龄退休,其平均意愿退休年龄要比男性低5年左右;二是相比现有的渐进式延迟退休方案,女性则更希望实行弹性退休制度。而该现象背后的深层原因,则很可能与“男主外、女主内”的传统家庭分工模式有关。The delayed retirement policy,as a public policy,is a hotly concerned and discussed issue of the public recently and the policy of retirement at same age is one of the highlights of the delayed retirement policy. This paper,based on the data of the Dynamic Survey of China Labor Force 2014,quantitatively analyzes the urban professional women’s attitude toward the delayed retirement policy and its influencing factors.The findings show that the professional women boast of lower age of retirement,and higher percentage of wills for delayed retirement but high percentage against the delayed retirement policy which is not in accordiance with the normal understandings of the women’s idea of delayed retirement. Further analysis shows that the cause of above professional women’s attitudes is that urban professional women don't like the idea to retire at the same age of men with an average lower age of 5 years and they tend to support a flexible retirement age compared with the gradual retirement policy. The deep social cultural cause may relate to the traditional family division of the husband for more social labors and the wife for more family labors.

关 键 词：职业女性 延迟退休政策 延迟退休意愿 男女同龄退休 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]