喷钙对‘黄金梨’钙动态及亚细胞分布的影响  

Effects of spraying calcium on calcium dynamics and subcellular distribution in ’Whangkeumbae’ pear

作　　者：张泽杰 李冬梅[1] 周君 文滨滨 宋文亮 肖伟[1] 高东升[1] 陈修德[1] 李玲[1] ZHANG Ze-Jie;LI Dong-Mei;ZHOU Jun;WEN Bin-Bin;SONG Wen-Liang;XIAO Wei;GAO Dong-Sheng;CHEN Xiu-De;LI Ling(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency,Taian,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院作物生物学国家重点实验室山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2019年第8期1259-1266,共8页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：梨优质高效生产关键技术集成示范与推广项目(2014BAD-16B03-4);山东省现代农业产业技术体系果品创新团队项目(SDAIT-06-01)~~

摘　　要：以‘黄金梨’(Pyrus pyrifolia ‘Whangkeumbae’)为试材,研究幼果期喷0.5%氨基酸钙和0.5%硝酸钙对树体钙含量变化、果实钙组分及亚细胞分布的影响。结果表明,叶片和新梢在果实发育前期对钙的吸收速率较快,喷施氨基酸钙明显提高了果实发育期的叶片钙含量,而对新梢和多年生枝影响不显著。果皮和果肉的钙含量在幼果期最高,随着果实生长,总钙含量逐渐下降。与对照相比,喷施氨基酸钙及硝酸钙均可以显著增加果实钙素养分。而且喷钙可以提高梨果肉中各钙组分的含量。通过透射电镜观察,钙处理影响了梨果肉中钙亚细胞分布,显著提高了细胞间质与细胞壁中钙的分布,且细胞中钙均匀分布于液泡膜和细胞膜上。因此,在幼果期喷钙是有效提高‘黄金梨’钙含量的重要措施。The effects of spraying 0.5% calcium amino acid and 0.5% calcium nitrate at young pear fruit stage on the changes of calcium content in trees,calcium components and subcellular distribution in fruits were studied with Pyrus pyrifolia ’Whangkeumbae’ as material.The results showed that the absorption rate of calcium was faster in leaves and shoots in the early fruit development period.Spraying calcium amino acid significantly increased the calcium contents of leaves during fruit development,but had no significant effect on new shoots and perennial shoots.The calcium contents in peels and pulps were the highest in young fruit stage,and the total calcium contents decreased gradually with fruit growth.Compared with the control,spraying calcium amino acid and calcium nitrate could significantly increase the calcium nutrition of fruit.And spraying calcium could increase the contents of calcium components in pear pulp.The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that calcium treatment affected the distribution of calcium subcells in pear pulp,significantly increased the distribution of calcium in cell interstitium substance and cell wall,and the calcium was evenly distributed in vacuole membranes and cell membranes.Therefore,spraying calcium at young fruit stage is an important measure to effectively improve the calcium content of ’Whangkeumbae’ pear.

关 键 词：钙 '黄金梨’ 钙动态 亚细胞 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]