外泌体及miRNA与类风湿性关节炎  

Exosomes and miRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis

作　　者：陈桂婷 董甜甜[1] 余婕 闫梦真 周婷婷 李世刚[1] CHEN Guiting;DONG Tiantian;YU Jie;YAN Mengzhen;ZHOU Tingting;LI Shigang(Medical College of China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学医学院

出　　处：《生命的化学》2019年第5期955-960,共6页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81673665,81274166)

摘　　要：外泌体(exosome)是直径为30~100nm的具有双层膜结构的盘状囊泡,其内含物有多种蛋白质和复杂的DNA和RNA片段。生物体内大多数细胞都可以分泌外泌体。外泌体在细胞内与细胞膜融合后再释放到细胞外。类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一种慢性的自身免疫性疾病。目前外泌体在类风湿性关节炎中的研究已被广泛认可,并且认为外泌体有作为类风湿性关节炎的临床表现标志和靶向药物载体的可能性。外泌体内包含多种miRNA,其携带的miRNA含有丰富的遗传信息,可通过外泌体在细胞间的通讯将这些遗传信息在其他细胞表达。本综述讨论了外泌体的形成机制以及其对类风湿性关节炎的最新研究进展,并探讨miRNA在外泌体中所发挥的作用和影响机制。Exosome is a bilayer membranous disk-like vesicle with a diameter of 30-100 nm,it contains multiple proteins and complex pieces of DNA and RNA.Most cells in the body can secrete exosomes,which are fused to the cell membrane and then released outside the cell.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease.The research on exosomes in rheumatoid arthritis has been widely recognized,and it is considered that exosomes have the potential to serve as clinical manifestations and targeted drug carriers of rheumatoid arthritis.Studies have found that exosomes contain a variety of miRNAs,which contain abundant genetic information,and can be expressed in other cells through the communication between exosomes in cells. This review discusses the mechanism of exosome formation and the latest research progress on rheumatoid arthritis,then explore the role and influence mechanism of miRNA in exosomes.

关 键 词：外泌体 类风湿性关节炎 MIRNA 

分 类 号：R593.22[医药卫生—内科学]