孙膑对孙武军事思想的继承和发展  

Sun Bin’s Inheritance and Development of Sun Tzu’s Military Thought

作　　者：吴如嵩 WU Ru-song(Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院

出　　处：《滨州学院学报》2019年第3期9-12,共4页Journal of Binzhou University

摘　　要：《孙子兵法》与《孙膑兵法》是我国古代军事学术史上的两座高峰。孙膑是孙武的后世孙,二人相差180年左右。孙膑对孙武军事思想的继承和发展是全面的、系统的,包括治军、作战、后勤、地理等各个方面,其军事思想的发展创新之处主要表现在:关于制胜因素,他提出了“义”胜的观点,树立起正义战争必胜的理论;关于战争的根源,他明确指出利益的争夺是导致战争产生的原因;在对待战争的态度上,孙膑“以战迎战”“以战止战”的观点较之孙武的“慎战”思想前进了一大步;关于战争的制胜条件,孙膑丰富和发展了孙武的理论,看到了战争潜力、民心向背、军事力量、军事管理体制等诸多因素的重要性。此外,他还讨论了孙武未曾涉及的战争控制问题,反对“数战”,认为“利胜者辱”。孙武及其《孙子兵法》被誉为“兵学鼻祖”和“武经冠冕”,孙膑则不愧为兵学亚圣。The Art of War by Sun Tzu and The Art of War by Sun Bin are two masterpieces of military academic history in ancient China.Sun Bin was the offspring of Sun Tzu,and the former was 180 years younger than the latter.Sun Bin’s inheritance and development of Sun Tzu’s military thought was comprehensive and systematical including many aspects such as ruling the army,conducting operations,logistics and geography.His innovation in military thought is manifested in the following levels,for example on the winning factors he put forward the view of Yisheng (winning by morality and justice),which embodied the idea that justice war would win;on the roots of war,he mentioned clearly that competition for interests was the cause of war;on the attitudes towards war,he put forward the idea of “using war to confront war” and “using war to end war”,which was a great progress compared with Sun Tzu’s idea of “ being cautious in war”;on winning conditions,he enriched and developed Sun Tzu’s theory,emphasizing the importance of people’s unity,military power,military management system etc.He also discussed the question of war control,not mentioned by Sun Tzu.He opposed “continual wars” and thought “the winners who win by interests would be insulted”.Sun Tzu is known as the founder of military science and The Art of War is known as the crown of the military classic works.Sun Bin is known as the second sage of military science.

关 键 词：孙膑 孙武 军事思想 制胜 战争根源 战争控制 

分 类 号：E892[军事]