雾天环境下驾驶行为特性研究  

Study on driving behavior characteristics in foggy environment

作　　者：武帅 陈秀锋 高艳艳 陈伟 WU Shuai;CHEN Xiu-feng;GAO Yan-yan;CHEN Wei(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院

出　　处：《青岛理工大学学报》2019年第5期101-105,共5页Journal of Qingdao University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51678320）;山东省自然科学基金资助项目（ZR2012EEL28）

摘　　要：驾驶员的决策习惯和跟车行为对于理解如何避免交通事故具有十分重要的意义.利用驾驶模拟器构建3种能见度(500,100和50m)的道路气象环境,选取行车速度和跟车间距为关键变量进行统计分析,研究2种指定驾驶速度下的驾驶行为特性,探求不同能见度下驾驶人跟车间距和速度的变化规律.试验结果表明,雾天环境下驾驶员跟车能力存在明显的差异性,行车速度对驾驶行为影响显著.指定速度为40km/h时,3种环境下的驾驶行为无差异;指定速度为80km/h时,驾驶行为存在差异性.能见度100,50m时驾驶员的滞后率比晴天分别增加了41.17%和42.86%,跟车间距相对于晴天分别减小了23.74%和56.63%.Drivers’ decision-making habits and car-following behavior are very important for understanding how to avoid traffic accidents.In this paper,road meteorological environments with three different degrees of visibility(500,100 and 50 m)are constructed by drawing on the driving simulator.The driving speed and following distance are selected as the key variables for statistical analysis.The driving behavior characteristics under two designated driving speeds are studied,and the influence of visibility reduction on vehicle spacing and following speed is explored.The experimental results show that there is a significant difference in the driver’s ability to follow the vehicle in foggy environment,and driving speed has a significant impact on driving behavior.When the specified speed is 40 km/h,there is no difference in driving behavior in the three environments.When the specified speed is 80 km/h,driving behavior varies along with the environment.Compared with the performance in the clear day,the driver’s lag rate is increased by 41.17% and 42.86% respectively when the visibility is 100 and 50 m,while vehicle-to-vehicle distance is reduced by 23.74% and 56.63% respectively.

关 键 词：交通安全 驾驶行为 雾天 滞后率 跟车间距 

分 类 号：U491.31[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]