大豆油脂肪酸多酯的制备及其对PVC增塑性能研究  

Preparation of Soybean Oil Fatty Acid Polyester and Its Plasticity for Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC)

作　　者：冯国东[1,2] 贾普友 汤慧敏[3] 张猛 胡云 周永红[1,2] FENG Guodong;JIA Puyou;TANG Huimin;ZHANG Meng;HU Yun;ZHOU Yonghong(Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products,CAF,National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;South College, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [2]南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [3]南京林业大学南方学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2019年第5期50-58,共9页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20170160);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31700503);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0600402)

摘　　要：以大豆油为起始原料,经过环氧化、酯交换等反应制得环氧大豆油脂肪酸甲酯(ESAO);然后,ESAO、醋酸和醋酸酐“一锅法”反应制备出大豆油脂肪酸多酯(SF-PE)。GC分析表明:ESAO中的甲酯大于96%;IR、1HNMR和13CNMR等分析手段对产物结构表征,证明了SF-PE被成功合成;TG分析表明SF-PE的热稳定性能要优于ESAO。对比分析了以SF-PE、ESAO、环氧大豆油(ESO)和市售环氧脂肪酸甲酯(EFAM)作为增塑剂制备PVC制品的机械性能、动态机械性能和热稳定性,用树脂量50%的SF-PE增塑PVC样品的拉伸强度为19MPa,邵氏硬度为90.2,综合机械性能优于其他3种增塑剂,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为26.4℃;SF-PE增塑PVC样品的耐低温性能优于ESO;热稳定性与ESAO相当,要优于EFAM,但是不及ESO。Epoxidized soybean oil methyl ester (ESAO) was prepared by epoxy reaction and then followed by transesterification using soybean oil as starting material. Then, soybean oleic acid polyester (SF-PE) was prepared by one-pot reaction with ESAO, acetic acid and acetic anhydride. The purity of ESAO was more than 96% by GC analysis, and the structures of products were characterized by IR, 1 H NMRand 13 C NMR. It was proved that epoxidation, ring opening and esterification occurred and SF-PE was successfully synthesized. The thermal stability of SF-PE was better than ESAO according to TG analysis. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties (DMA) and TG of PVC samples prepared with SF-PE, ESAO, epoxy soybean oil (ESO) and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester (EFAM) as plasticizers were compared and analyzed. The tensile strength and hardness of PVC samples were 19 MPa and 90. 2 HD when the dosage of SF-PE was 50% of the weight of resin. The comprehensive mechanical properties of PVC samples were optimized, and the glass transition temperature (T g ) was 26. 4 ℃. Its low temperature resistance is superior to ESO, and its thermal stability is similar to ESAO, superior to EFAM, but inferior to ESO.

关 键 词：大豆油脂肪酸多酯 油脂基增塑剂 机械性能 环氧大豆油脂肪酸甲酯 酯交换 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ314.