长期秸秆还田对砂姜黑土矿质复合态有机质稳定性的影响  

Effects of Long-term Straw Returning on Stability of Mineral-complexed Organic Matter in Shajiang Black Soil

作　　者：王擎运[1,2,3] 杨远照 徐明岗 陈景 郜红建[1] 陈林 张佳宝[3] 柴如山[1] 叶新新[1] 周云鹏[1] WANG Qingyun;YANG Yuanzhao;XU Minggang;CHEN Jing;GAO Hongjian;CHEN Lin;ZHANG Jiabao;CHAI Rushan;YE Xinxin;ZHOU Yunpeng(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention,School of Resources andEnvironment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land,Institute of Agricultural Resources and AgriculturalRegional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing210008,China)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [3]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008

出　　处：《土壤学报》2019年第5期1108-1117,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300801,2016YFD0300901）;耕地培育技术国家工程实验室开放基金项目（201705）;土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题（Y20160014）资助~~

摘　　要：依托10a定位试验研究了秸秆还田对典型砂姜黑土有机矿质复合体中有机质稳定性的影响机制。田间试验设置5个处理:氮磷钾配施下的小麦和玉米秸秆双季还田(WMS+F)、小麦秸秆还田(WS+F)、玉米秸秆还田(MS+F)、非秸秆还田(F)处理,以不施肥模式下的非秸秆还田为对照(CK)。结果显示,铁铝键合态和紧密结合态有机质含量累计占土壤总有机质的88.70%,且三者变化趋势一致,均呈现WS+F≈WMS+F≈MS+F>F>CK,并与土壤短程有序、有机结合态铁铝氧化物呈显著正相关,但与非晶型铁铝氧化物呈负相关性。秸秆还田显著促进了土壤有机质累积,并受到土壤铁铝键合态有机质的影响,但由于非晶型铁铝氧化物生成速度较慢,限制了土壤有机质的进一步累积。土壤紧密结合态有机质对其全量的贡献明显高于铁铝键合态有机质,相关机制值得进一步研究。【Objective】Organo-mineral complex is a kind of substance with soil organic colloids complexed with mineral colloids through surface molecular condensation, cation bridging and hydrogen bonding, which plays crucial role in stabilization and accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM). Organomineral complexes are formed through interactions between organic matter (OM), mineral cations, metal oxides and soil clay minerals. Based on a long-term (10 a) stationary experiment of straw returning to the field, this paper explores mechanism of straw returning affecting stability and accumulation of OM within organo-mineral complexes in typical Shajiang black soil, and systematically analyze distribution characteristics of OM content and mechanisms of OM complexing with metal cations and oxides typical in the soil, in an attempt to find out the key mechanism that constrains OM accumulation in Shajiang black soil.【Method】The long-term field experiment, which has been carried on since 2007, is designed to have five treatments, i.e. WMS+F (application of mineral NPK plus returning of both wheat and maize straws), WS+F (application of mineral NPK plus returning of wheat straw only), MS+F (application of mineral NPK plus returning of maize stalks only), F (application of mineral NPK only) and CK (no-fertilization).【Result】Results show that OM within the organo-mineral complexes existed mainly in the form of Fe/Albound organic matter (Fe/Al-OM) and tightly combined organic matter (TCOM), and both of them added up to 88.70% of the total organic matter (TOM). In terms of contents of the three forms of organic matters (Fe/ Al-OM, TCOM and TOM), the five treatments followed an order of WS+F≈ WMS+F≈ MS+F>F>CK. Fe/ Al-OM, TCOM and TOM was significantly and positively related to soil short-range ordered and organobound Fe/Al oxides, and negatively to amorphous Fe/Al oxides in content.【Conclusion】Straw returning remarkably promotes the accumulation of SOM, which is affected by Fe/Al-OM. The slow formation of amorphous F

关 键 词：秸秆还田 有机质累积 有机矿质复合体 非晶型铁铝氧化物 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]