缙云山不同森林植被下土壤微生物群落结构特征研究  

Characterization of Soil Microbial Community Structure as Affected by Vegetation in Jinyun Mountain

作　　者：王蓥燕 王子芳[1] 黄容[1] 吕盛[1] 高明[1] WANG Yingyan;WANG Zifang;HUANG Rong;Lü Sheng;GAO Ming(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院

出　　处：《土壤学报》2019年第5期1210-1220,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0800101）资助~~

摘　　要：为了解缙云山国家自然保护区不同森林植被对表层土中微生物群落结构和丰度的影响,以缙云山4种森林植被(针叶林、常绿阔叶林、针-阔混交林和竹林)土壤为研究对象,采用克隆文库、末端限制性片段多态性分析(Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis,T-RFLP)和荧光定量PCR(qPCR)等分子技术,研究不同森林植被对细菌、真菌和古菌群落结构和丰度的影响。结果表明:1)在4种植被类型中,针叶林土壤中微生物的拷贝数均低于其他植被。细菌16S rDNA拷贝数在3种微生物中最高且受植被影响最为明显(P<0.05)。微生物拷贝数与土壤理化性质的皮尔逊相关分析显示:细菌和古菌拷贝数分别与pH(r=0.607,P<0.05)和含水量(r=-0.919,P<0.01)显著相关。2)根据T-RFLP图谱,群落结构的α-多样性指数显示:真菌的群落结构多样性最高,而古菌最低且受植被变化影响最显著(P<0.05)。非度量多维尺度分析(Non-metric multidimensional scaling,NMDS)和热图分析(Heatmap analysis)均显示:在不同植被间,土壤微生物群落组成表现出显著差异(P<0.05),其中针叶林土壤中细菌和真菌群落结构最独特;3)不同植被中土壤微生物均存在不同的优势种群。其中,竹林土壤中微生物优势种群最突出。4)冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)显示3种微生物的群落结构显著受pH、钾和磷元素的影响(P<0.05)。在缙云山地区,植被类型的变化对土壤表层微生物的群落结构和丰度均有显著影响。以上研究有助于了解土壤微生物与森林生产力及其发展演替的关系,为天然林的保护和可持续经营提供科学依据。【Objective】Soil microbes are key factors affecting material recycling and energy flow in the soil micro-environment. To explore impacts of vegetation, relative to forest type, on topsoil microbes in community structure and abundance, soil samples were collected from woodlots, different in type, i.e. coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest and, P. pubescen forest, in the Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve for analysis.【Method】 To analyze the soil samples, multiple molecular techniques, such as Clone library, qPCR and T-RFLP (Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis), and conventional soil physical-chemical property analysis procedures were used.【Result】 1) Among the soils under four types of forest vegetations, the soil coniferous forest was the lowest in microbial copy number, and bacteria were higher in copy number of 16S rRNA gene than the other two types of soil microbes (archaea and fungi) and were the most remarkably by vegetation (P<0.05). Meanwhile, Pearson correlation analysis of microbial copy number and soil physical-chemical properties shows that bacteria and archaea was significantly related to pH (r=0.607,P<0.05) and water content (r=-0.919, P<0.01), respectively, in copy number. 2) Based on the T-RFLP fingerprint, the α-diversity index of the soil bacterial community structure shows that fungi was the highest in community structure diversity, while archaea was the lowest and significantly influenced by vegetation (P<0.05). Non-metric Multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and Heatmap analysis both show significant difference in soil microbial community structure existing between the soils under different vegetation (P<0.05), with the bacteria and fungus in the coniferous forest soil being particularly unique in community structure. 3) All the soils had their own dominant groups of soil microbes which varied with vegetation, especially, the soil under P. pubescen forest being the most distinct. And 4) Redundancy analysis (RDA) shows that com

关 键 词：缙云山 森林土 土壤微生物 T-RFLP 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]