计划妊娠妇女孕前心理状况调查及影响因素分析  

Psychological status among pre-pregnancy women and its influencing factors analysis

作　　者：王雅伶 王建迪 WANG Ya-ling;WANG Jian-di(Department of Women Health Care,Shunyi Maternal and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital,Beijing 101300,P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区妇幼保健院,北京儿童医院顺义妇儿医院妇女保健科

出　　处：《中国计划生育和妇产科》2019年第10期76-79,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning & Gynecotokology

基　　金：北京儿童医院顺义妇儿医院妇幼健康基金(项目编号:FYJK-201705)

摘　　要：目的分析育龄妇女孕前心理压力状况,并探究其相关影响因素,为孕前妇女心理保健工作提供依据。方法收集2017~2018年参加北京市顺义区国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目的育龄妇女共2 100人,采用心理健康临床症状自评测验90量表(symptom check list 90,SCL 90)对孕前优生健康检查进行调查,采用多因素Logistic回归模型对育龄妇女孕前心理状况的影响因素进行分析。结果 2 100名调查者中共回收有效问卷2 071人(98.62%)。根据SCL 90测评结果分为心理压力健康组1 922人(92.81%)和心理压力异常组149人(7.19%)。单因素分析结果显示,心理压力异常组与正常组相比,35岁以上、怀孕0次、生产0次、尚未做好怀孕准备的育龄妇女所占的比例更多,感受到经济和生活的压力更大,对怀孕的各项担忧也更为严重,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,年龄、担心胎儿性别、胎儿健康和夫妻生活是导致计划妊娠妇女孕前产生心理压力的危险因素,孕次和无任何担忧是保护因素。结论年龄、担心胎儿性别、胎儿健康和夫妻生活是影响育龄妇女孕前心理压力的重要因素,希望以此对孕前妇女心理健康指导开展针对性干预措施。Objective Analyze the pre-pregnancy psychological stress status of women of childbearing age, and explore the relevant influencing factors to provide a basis for psychological health care for pre-pregnancy women. Methods A total of 2 100 pre-pregnancy women who participated in the National Free Pre-Pregnancy Eugenic Health Examination Program in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2017 to 2018 were collected. The symptom check list 90(SCL-90) was used to investigate the psychological status among pre-pregnancy women. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the related risk factors of the pre-pregnancy psychological status. Results 2 071 valid questionnaires were collected from 2 100 participators(98.62 %). Based on the score of SCL-90, they were divided into two groups, one is the normal psychological status group with 1 922 women(92.81 %), and the abnormal psychological status group with 149 women(7.19 %). Univariate analysis showed that,compared with the normal group, the proportion of women who were more than 35 years old, or have never been pregnant, or have never had a baby, or were not already to get pregnant were significant higher in abnormal group. Women with abnormal psychological status felt greater stress from economy and life, and concerned more about pregnancy,the differences were statistically significant(P< 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, concerns about fetal gender and health, concerns about affecting the life of couples were risk factors to influence the psychological status among the pre-pregnancy women, pregnancy times and no worries were the protect factors.Conclusion Age, concerns about fetal gender and health, concerns about affecting the life of couples are important risk factors to influence the psychological status among the pre-pregnancy women. Targeted interventions should be conducted to guide women’s mental health before pregnancy.

关 键 词：计划妊娠 心理状况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R715[医药卫生—妇产科学]