舱内爆炸作用下舰船舱壁失效机理与抗破损设计  

Failure Mechanism and Anti-damage Design of Bulkhead under Internal Blast

作　　者：李营 张磊 杜志鹏* 周心桃 肖登宝 任宪奔 方岱宁 LI Ying;ZHANG Lei;DU Zhipeng;ZHOU Xintao;XIAO Dengbao;REN Xianben;FANG Daining(Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures,Institute of Advanced Structure Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Naval Academy,Beijing 100161,China;China Ship Development and Design Center,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学先进结构技术研究院,轻量化多功能复合材料与结构北京市重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]海军研究院,北京100161 [4]中国舰船设计研究中心,武汉430064

出　　处：《中国造船》2019年第3期27-34,共8页Shipbuilding of China

基　　金：自然科学基金(11802030,11802031)

摘　　要：水密舱壁破损是反舰导弹舱内爆炸作用下舰艇多舱进水沉没的重要原因。开展了舱内爆炸作用下方形板的失效模式的试验研究,进行了数值仿真分析,结合应力状态、应力变化和塑性变形特性分析了有无变形协调装置时舱壁的失效机理,在不明显增加结构重量的前提下提出了一种基于变形协调机制的高性能抗破损设计,讨论了不同半径的变形协调装置对舱壁抗破损能力的增强作用,结合梁变形理论分析了边缘破损的主要机制。研究结果表明:(1)边缘拉伸失效是舱内爆炸作用下舱壁的主要破坏模式;(2)设置边缘变形协调装置能有效提高舱壁在准静态气压作用下的抗破损能力;(3)提高变形协调装置半径能有效降低最大塑性变形并调整塑性变形集中区域的分布;(4)边缘变形协调装置提高舱壁抗破损能力的主要原因是提高了边缘的曲率变形,降低了局部弯曲正应力。Damage of watertight bulkheads is an important reason for the sinking of multiple tanks under the explosion of anti-ship missiles.In order to investigate failure modes of plates under internal blast,experiments and numerical simulations were carried out.Based on stress triaxiality,equivalent stress,plastic strain and failure mechanism was studied with or without deformation-uniform installation,and effect of the radius on blast resistance was discussed.Boundary failure of a plate under uniformed blast loading was analyzed with beam theory.Conclusions were drawn:(1)tension failure is one of the most common failure modes under quasi--static pressure;(2)the deformation-uniform installation can improve blast resistance of the plate significantly;(3)blast resistance may increases with increasing radius of the deformation-uniform installation;(4)main mechanism of the deformation-uniform installation is increase of the curvature radius and decrease of the normal stress in bending.

关 键 词：失效模式 舱内爆炸 抗爆性能 水密舱壁 变形协调装置 

分 类 号：U663.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] O344.7[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]