有、无精神障碍的农村老年自杀者的特征比较  

Comparison of the Characteristics of Rural Elderly Suicides with and Without Mental Disorders

作　　者：张欣旭 刘加海 郭晶 周亮[2,3] ZHANG Xin-xu;LIU Jia-hai;GUO Jing;ZHOU Liang(XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410005, China;Department of Social Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510370, China;Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院,长沙410005 [2]广州医科大学附属脑科医院[广州市惠爱医院]社会精神病学研究室,广州510370 [3]广东省精神疾病转化医学工程技术研究中心,广州510370

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2019年第5期905-908,904,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：美国自杀预防基金会(项目编号：SRG-0-169-12)~~

摘　　要：目的:了解农村老年自杀者的特征并比较其中有、无精神障碍者的特征。方法:运用心理解剖方法对山东、湖南、广西三省符合标准的242例自杀案例的家属和周围知情人进行访谈,比较有、无精神障碍者在人口学资料,自杀行为,自杀意图,社会支持,抑郁症状,孤独和绝望等方面的差异。结果:与无精神障碍的自杀者相比,有精神障碍的自杀者不稳定婚姻比例少、留守比例高、发生近期生活事件多、自杀意图强、抑郁症状严重、绝望程度大,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示:留守(OR=3.64,95%CI=1.61~8.21)和中重度抑郁(OR=10.46,95%CI=2.23~48.97)的自杀者更有可能是精神障碍患者。结论:两组自杀者可能来自两个不同的人群,应该针对不同人群采取不同的自杀预防措施。Objective: To investigate the characteristics of elderly suicides in rural areas and examine the differences between suicides with and without mental disorders. Methods: 242 suicides were studied with psychological autopsy interviews in three provinces(Shandong, Hunan, and Guangxi) in China. Demographic characteristics, suicidal behavior, Suicide Intent Scale(SIS), Duke Social Support Index(DSSI), Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS), Short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale(ULS-6) and Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS-4) were compared the between suicides with and without mental disorders. Results: In comparison with suicides without psychiatric diagnoses, suicides with psychiatric diagnoses were less likely to have unstable marriage, were more being left-behind, had more recent life events, scored higher on SIS, GDS and BHS-4. Multivariable analysis showed that suicides who were being left-behind(OR=3.64,95%CI=1.61~8.21) had severe depression(OR=10.46, 95%CI=2.23~48.97) were more likely to be patients with mental disorders. Conclusion: It suggests that these two groups suicide victims might be from two different populations, and that different prevention and interference measures should be employed to target different groups.

关 键 词：自杀 精神障碍 心理解剖 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]