冲击地压煤层水力扩孔掏槽防冲试验研究  

Experimental study on hydraulic reaming of gutters in coal seam with impact pressure

作　　者：夏永学[1,2] 鞠文君[1,2] 苏士杰 陆齐 丁国利 苏波[1,2] 陈志杰 XIA Yongxue;JU Wenjun;SU Shijie;LU Qi;DING Guoli;SU Bo;CHEN Zhijie(Coal Mining and Designing Department,Tiandi Science & Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;Mining Design Research Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Hulusu Coal Mine,Zhongtian Hechuang Energy Co.,Ltd.,Erdos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013 [3]中天合创能源有限责任公司葫芦素煤矿,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》2020年第1期80-87,共8页Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0804204);天地科技股份有限公司重点研发资助项目(2018-TD-ZD007)

摘　　要：分析了煤层水力扩孔掏槽的防冲机理,研究表明水射流作用在煤岩体表面的内应力与射流压力和喷嘴的直径有关,高压水通过极小射流孔后可形成强大动能对煤岩体表面形成冲击破坏。采用旋转射流器持续冲击煤岩钻孔表面,促使孔壁破坏深度不断增加,同时利用水射流将切割下来的煤渣带出孔外,可使应力集中区内形成体积远大于原卸压孔的巨型空洞,为矿山压力释放提供足够的卸压空间。开发了扩槽孔和排渣孔分离的双孔布置掏槽技术,有效地解决了排渣、卡钻问题,通过对现场3个测点的试验研究表明,掏槽后的空洞大小可达到150mm钻孔的45~60倍,其有效卸压半径能达到4m以上。该技术可显著降低巷道冲击致灾隐患。The anti-shock mechanism of the hydraulic reaming groove in the coal seam was analyzed. It shows that the internal stress of the water jet on the surface of the coal rock was related to the jet pressure and the diameter of the nozzle. The high pressure water can form a strong kinetic energy to the coal and rock mass after passing through the small jet orifice. The impact of the surface formation was destroyed. The rotary jet was used to continuously impact the borehole surface of the coal rock,and the depth of the hole wall is continuously increased. At the same time,the cut coal cinder was taken out of the hole by the water jet,so that the stress concentration zone was formed dozens or even hundreds of times. The giant cavity of the pressure hole provided sufficient pressure relief space for mine pressure release. In this paper,the double-hole arrangement groove-groove technology for the separation of the slotted hole and the slag-discharging hole was developed,which could effectively solve the problem of slagging and stuck drilling. The experimental study of three measuring points on the site showed that the size of the cavity after the groove can reach 45-60 times of 150 mm drill hole,its effective pressure relief radius can reach more than 4 m.

关 键 词：冲击地压 水射流 煤层卸压 扩孔掏槽 防冲机理 试验研究 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]