修复对湖北洋澜湖富营养化与生态状况的影响:基于大型无脊椎底栖动物的评价  

Effect of restoration on the eutrophication and ecological status of Lake Yanglan( Hubei Province) : Assessment based on macroinvertebrates

作　　者：吴家乐 甘磊 刘素霞[1] 钟萍[1] 莫家勇 何小林 王备新[3] 何虎[4] 于谨磊[4] 杜瑛珣[4] 关保华[4] 陈非洲[4] 刘正文[1,4] WU Jiale;GAN Lei;LIU Suxia;ZHONG Ping;MO Jiayong;HE Xiaolin;WANG Beixin;HE Hu;YU Jinlei;DU Yingxun;GUAN Baohua;CHEN Feizhou;LIU Zhengwen(Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China;Guangzhou Belsun Aquatic Ecology SCI & TECH CO., LTD., Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China;College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生态学系与水生生物研究中心,广州510632 [2]贝山水生态科技有限公司,广州510632 [3]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210095 [4]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2019年第6期1547-1558,共12页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471086)资助

摘　　要：大型无脊椎底栖动物是水生态系统的重要组成部分,也是评价生态系统状态的重要指标.本文比较了洋澜湖修复示范工程实施水域(修复区)和未实施水域(未修复区)水质和大型无脊椎底栖动物群落差异,并对湖泊生态状态进行了评价.结果表明,治理后修复区总氮、总磷和叶绿素a浓度显著低于未修复区,修复区透明度显著高于未修复区.共发现底栖动物30种,隶属于3门4纲12科,其中修复区29种,未修复区19种.修复区与未修复区软体动物的平均密度分别为369.3和34.7 ind./m^2,平均生物量(湿重)分别为102.9和37.2 g/m^2.耐污值指数和多度量指数评价结果显示,修复区生态系统状态优于未修复区.结果表明,结合透明度改善、鱼类控制与沉水植物重建等手段为主的湖泊修复能改善水质和生态状态.Macroinvertebrates are important components and index for assessing the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems. This paper compared the difference in water quality and macroinvertebrate communities between the restored area and un-restored area in Lake Yanglan, and assessed the ecological status of the lake ecosystems. The results showed that total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and chlorophyll-a (Chl.a) in water columns were significantly lower in the restored area than those in the un-restored area. The average secchi depth (SD) was significantly higher in the restored area than that in the un-restored area. Thirty macroinvertebrate species from 12 families, 4 classes and 3 phyla were found, 29 species in the restored area and 19 species in the un-restored area. The average density (biomass) of molluscs were 369.3 ind./m^2 (102.9 g/m2) and 34.7 ind./m^2(37.2 g/m^2) in the restored and un-restored area, respectively. Biotic Index (BI) and Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index Flanders (MMIF) based on the macroinvertebrate structure indicated that ecological status was improved in the restored area comparing the un-restored area. Our study suggests that restoration combined with transparency improvement, fish control and macrophyte re-establishment can improve water quality and the ecological status of eutrophic lakes.

关 键 词：洋澜湖 富营养化 生态状态 大型无脊椎底栖动物 修复 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]