种子成熟度对大麦种子活力的影响  

Study of the Effect of Seed Maturity on the Vigor of Barley Seeds

作　　者：李剑 赵准 朱迎树 宋瑞娇 姚志强 杨洋 齐军仓[1] LI Jian;ZHAO Zhun;ZHU Ying-shu;SONG Rui-jiao;YAO Zhi-qiang;YANG Yang;QI Jun-cang(Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2019年第9期1579-1587,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-05-22B);石河子大学科学技术研究发展计划“动植物育种专项计划”(gxjs2015-yz02)~~

摘　　要：【目的】分析大麦种子成熟度对种子活力的影响,研究不同品种的最佳收获期。【方法】选取不同成熟度的P13-3和甘啤4号大麦种子,恒温发芽试验测定电导率。发芽前测定不同成熟度种子的长度、宽度、厚度、千粒鲜重、千粒干重和含水量等物理指标,发芽过程中测定发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗苗长、幼苗根长、幼苗鲜重和幼苗干重等种子活力指标。【结果】随着成熟度的增加,两个大麦品种种子均为先增长,后增宽,最后增厚;千粒鲜重、千粒干重、含水量和电导率差异显著,含水量随着成熟度的增加呈下降并趋于平稳的趋势;苗长、根长、幼苗鲜重、发芽指数和活力指数呈先增加后降低的趋势,除幼苗干重外,其余活力指标均达到差异显著水平。【结论】种子成熟度对种子活力有较大影响,其中千粒干重、电导率、幼苗鲜重、苗长和根长可作为检验种子活力的参考指标。P13-3种子在开花后36~42d,甘啤4号种子在开花后30d活力相关指标较好,幼苗质量较好,为适宜收获期。【Objective】 To study the effect of seed maturity on seed vigor of barley in the hope of determining the best harvest time of different varieties.【Method】 P13-3 and Ganpi 4 barley seeds with different maturity were selected for constant temperature germination test and conductivity measurement. Before the germination, the physical indexes such as the length, width, thickness, thousand-grain fresh weight, thousand-grain dry weight and moisture content of different maturity seeds were measured. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, seedling length, seed vigor indicators such as seedling root length, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight were measured in the process of germination.【Result】 With the increase of maturity, the length of seeds of the two barley varieties increased at first, then widened, and finally thickened. The difference between thousand-grain fresh weight, thousand-grain dry weight, moisture content and conductivity was significant. With the increase of maturity, the moisture content decreased and tended to be stable;The seedling length, root length, seedling fresh weight, germination index and vigor index increased at first and then decreased;Except the dry weight of seedlings, the other vigor indicators reached significant difference.【Conclusion】 Maturity affects the vigor of barley seeds. The dry weight, conductivity, seedling fresh weight, seedling length and root length of thousand-grain dry weight can be used as reference indicators for testing seed vigor. The seeds of P13-3 seed are better at 36-42 d after anthesis, and the seeds of Ganpi 4 have better activity at 30 days after anthesis, and the seedling quality is good, which is suitable for harvesting.

关 键 词：大麦( HORDEUM vulgare L.) 成熟度 种子活力 活力指标 

分 类 号：S330.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S512.3[农业科学—农艺学]