C/C复合材料不同碳基体的纳米压痕行为研究  

Nanoindentation Behavior of C/C Composites with the Different Carbon Matrices

作　　者：彭雪锋 戴宗妙[1] 蒋建军[2] 张东生 PENG Xue-feng;DAI Zong-miao;JIANG Jian-jun;ZHANG Dong-sheng(Seventh Thirteen Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Zhengzhou 450015, China;School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi′an 710072, China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一三研究所,郑州450015 [2]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2019年第10期64-70,共7页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究碳基体微观结构对材料整体性能的影响。方法用酚醛浸渍-碳化、中温煤沥青浸渍-碳化、甲烷为碳源前驱体,经化学气相沉积制备得到不同碳基体C/C复合材料。采用偏光显微镜对C/C复合材料不同碳基体的显微结构进行观察分析,采用XRD和Raman光谱对C/C复合材料的树脂碳基体、沥青碳基体和热解碳基体的微晶尺寸进行表征,以玻璃碳作为参比样品,通过纳米压痕测试不同碳基体试样的弹性模量和硬度。结果碳基体为热解碳和沥青碳的石墨微晶缺陷少,完整度较好,石墨化程度高。玻璃碳和树脂碳基体中石墨微晶排列紊乱,有序度低,石墨化程度低。酚醛浸渍-碳化得到的树脂碳的微晶尺寸Lc最小,为1.69nm,弹性模量和硬度最大,分别为(23.17±0.54)GPa和(3.26±0.10)GPa;光滑层热解碳和粗糙层热解碳的弹性模量和硬度次之;沥青碳的微晶尺寸最大,Lc为9.36nm,而弹性模量和硬度最小,分别为(12.53±2.29)GPa和(0.72±0.14)GPa。结论不同碳基体的C/C复合材料中,碳基体的石墨化度越高,微晶尺寸越大,各向异性越显著,材料的弹性模量和硬度越低。Objective To study the effect of carbon matrix microstructure on the overall properties of materials. Methods Different carbon matrix C/C composites were prepared by resin-derived, pitch-derived, rough laminar and smooth laminar py-rocarbon. The microstructure of C/C composites with the different carbon matrices was observed by polarized light microscopy;and the crystallite size of carbon matrices of resin-derived, pitch-derived, rough laminar and smooth laminar pyrocarbon was characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. With vitreous carbon for reference, the elasticity modulus and hardness of samples with different carbon matrices were tested through nanoindentation. Results Graphite crystallites of pyro- carbon and pitch-derived carbon had fewer defects, better integrity and higher degree of graphitization;graphite crystallites of resin-derived and glassy carbon were disorderly arranged with low order and low degree of graphitization. The crystallite size Lc of carbon matrix by resin-derived was 1.69 nm, which was the smallest;but the modulus and hardness of that was the largest, separately (23.17±0.54) GPa and (3.26±0.10) GPa. The modulus and hardness of rough laminar and smooth laminar pyrocarbon was a litter smaller than that of resin derived carbon. The crystallite size Lc of the C/C-pitch composite was 9.36 nm, which was the largest;but the modulus and hardness was the smallest, about (12.53±2.29) GPa and (0.72±0.14) GPa. Conclusion In C/C composites of different carbon matrices, the higher the degree of graphitization, the larger the crystallite size, the more significant the anisotropicy, and the smaller the modulus and the hardness.

关 键 词：树脂碳 沥青碳 热解碳 纳米压痕 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]