光学测绘卫星星地相机夹角在轨实时定标方法  

Method for real-time in-orbit calibration of angles for the optical surveying and mapping satellite

作　　者：蒋唯娇 刘薇[2] 钱方明[2,3] 王慧 王柯俨 JIANG Weijiao;LIU Wei;QIAN Fangming;WANG Hui;WANG Keyan(State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Network,Xidian Univ.,Xi’an,710071,China;State Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Engineering,Xi’an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi’an,710054,China;Information Engineering Univ.,Zhengzhou,450002,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学综合业务网国家重点实验室,陕西西安710071 [2]西安测绘研究所地理信息工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]中国人民解放军信息工程大学,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《西安电子科技大学学报》2019年第5期105-112,共8页Journal of Xidian University

基　　金：国防科技重点实验室基金(61424110404);创新人才推进计划(2017KJXX-50)

摘　　要：由于光学测绘卫星无地面控制点定位精度受星地相机夹角在轨变化的直接影响,因此针对现有星地相机姿态稳定度不高、星地相机夹角定标时间周期长的实际应用问题,提出了一种基于光学自准直原理的星地相机夹角星上实时定标方法。首先在相机载荷系统内部加装准直光源、光斑成像面阵等器件;然后通过光斑影像位置的变化求解出单个相机的主光轴变化;最后求解星地相机间夹角的变化。仿真实验表明,俯仰和横滚方向可获得0.1角秒量级的星地相机夹角定标精度。该方法无须地面定标场,不受外界因素影响,可以实现星地相机夹角的星上实时自主定标,具有良好的可行性和实用价值。The positioning accuracy is directly affected by the change of the angle between star sensor and earth observation camera of the optical mapping satellite in the orbit, without the support of ground control point data. Aiming at the practical application problems of low attitude stability and the long calibration period of the earth observation camera, this paper proposes a real-time method for the calibration of the angle between star sensor and earth observation camera, based on the self-collimation method. First, we install collimated light sources, the spot imaging array and other devices inside the satellite load system. Then, we convert changes in the camera's optical axes into changes in the spot images. Finally, the angle variation between the cameras’ optical axes can be solved. Simulation analysis shows that this method can obtain the calibration accuracy of 0.1 arc second-time in both the pitch angle and roll angle. This method requires no ground calibration field and it is not affected by external conditions. It can realize real-time autonomous calibration in-orbit. This method has a good feasibility and practical value.

关 键 词：在轨实时定标 相机夹角 光学自准直 误差分析 姿态角 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V19