金昌队列人群慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺发病状况研究  

Incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis in different occupational positions among populations from jinchang cohort

作　　者：曹家宁 张德生[3] 黄军军 蒋楠 李海燕[3] 包凯芳 丁婕 陈晓亮 马莉[2] 胡晓斌[1] 李娟生[1] 任晓卫[1] 程宁[4] 白亚娜[1] Cao Jianing;Zhang Desheng;Huang Junjun;Jiang Nan;Li Haiyan;Bao Kaifang;Ding Jie;Chen Xiaoliang;Ma Li;Hu Xiaobin;Li Juansheng;Ren Xiaowei;Cheng Ning;Bai Yana(Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Social Medicine & Health Management,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Workers' Hospital,Jinchuan Group Co.,Ltd,Jinchang 737102,China;School of Basic Medical Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所,730000 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理研究所,730000 [3]金川集团股份有限公司职工医院,金昌737102 [4]兰州大学基础医学院,730000

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2019年第9期650-655,共6页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1302503);兰州大学“一带一路”专项重点项目(2018LDBRZD008);“中央高校基本科研费专项基金”重点项目计划(LZUJBYK-2017-K04).

摘　　要：目的了解金昌队列人群不同作业岗位慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺的发病状况,探讨慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺高发病种及高危人群,为降低慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺提供发病基础数据。方法于2014年1月,以金昌队列随访人群作为研究对象,以甘肃省金昌市某三级甲等医院对慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺的诊断情况作为发病指标。剔除研究对象于2013年前已确诊患慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺的个案后,共对17 843例随访个案按性别、年龄、作业岗位、吸烟状况分层后进行研究。用χ2检验进行慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺发生率显著性检验。结果金昌队列人群不同作业岗位慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺累计总发生率为11.66‰(208/17 843),男性为13.60‰(75/11 102)、女性为8.46‰(51/6 741);病种顺位为:慢性支气管炎(7.06‰,126/17 843)、肺气肿(3.42‰,161/17 843)、尘肺(0.84‰,15/17 843)和其他类型慢性阻塞性肺病(0.34‰,6/17 843);不同作业岗位慢性支气管炎发生率以行政管理岗位为居高(10.45‰,22/2 105),肺气肿男性发生率以生活服务岗位居高(14.34‰,11/767),尘肺男性发生率以开采岗位居高(3.86‰,13/3 369)。不同吸烟状况男性尘肺发生率有差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论金昌队列人群慢性阻塞性肺病及尘肺发病以慢性支气管炎为主,主要影响因素为吸烟及职业暴露。Objective To investigate the incidence and rank of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis to the workers in different occupational positions in Jinchang Cohort. Methods In January 2014, a cohort of follow-up population in jinchang city was taken as the research object, 17843 individuals among follow-up populations in Jinchang Cohort Study, removed the individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis before 2013, and counted the new incidence individuals diagnosed by the A-Class hospital in Grade III in Jinchang City, Gansu Province, as the investigation objects to investigate the incidence rate & rank of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis. The statistical significance was tested by chi-square test. Results The 2-year incidence rate of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Pneumoconiosis in the population of Jinchang Cohort Study were 11.60‰, 13.51‰ for male and 8.46‰ for female. the ranks of 2-year incidence rates of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, pneumoconiosis and other phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 7.06‰、3.42‰、0.84‰、0.34‰, respectively. Incidence rate of chronic bronchitis among administrators and executive staffs were 10.45‰;incidence rate of chronic bronchitis among service staffs were 10.45‰;incidence rate of pneumoconiosis among mining staffs were 3.44‰. Conclusion The first incidence rank of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis in Jinchang cohort is chronic bronchitis, and the risk factors are smoking and occupational exposure.

关 键 词：队列 发生率 作业岗位 慢性阻塞性肺病 尘肺病 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R135.2[医药卫生—内科学]