防治甜瓜枯萎病药剂配方筛选及盆栽防效测定  

Screening and Potting Experiments of the Fungicide Formulation on Fusarium Wilt of Muskmelon

作　　者：顾美玲 白雪 周默 姜苏月 白庆荣[1] 赵廷昌[2] GU Meiling;BAI Xue;ZHOU Mo;JIANG Suyue;BAI Qingrong;ZHAO Tingchang(College of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118;Institue of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《北方园艺》2019年第20期40-45,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0201300);国家西甜瓜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-25)

摘　　要：以甜瓜枯萎病菌为试材,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法从8种待选药剂中选出4种较优试剂进行复配试验,采用Wadley方法分别计算菌丝生长和孢子萌发的增效系数,确定最优配比并进行盆栽试验。结果表明:8种待选药剂中,25%腈菌唑乳油和45%咪鲜胺微乳剂对菌丝生长抑制效果较好,EC50值分别为0.001 2、0.004 6 mg·L^-1;250 g·L^-1嘧菌酯悬浮剂和25%啶菌恶唑乳油对孢子萌发抑制效果较好,EC50分别为0.092 2、3.263 2 mg·L^-1。上述4种药剂按比例法两两混配,30种组合中有2种配比对病菌菌丝生长及孢子萌发均为增效和加和作用,即咪鲜胺∶嘧菌酯=4∶1,嘧菌酯∶啶菌恶唑=2∶3。盆栽接种防效测定结果表明,上述2个组合每株浇灌10 mL浓度为1.0 g·L^-1药液对甜瓜枯萎病防治效果分别为80.42%和76.57%,均显著高于单剂防效。为甜瓜枯萎病的防治药剂使用提供参考依据。Using Fusarium wilt pathogen of muskmelon as test material,the toxicities of eight agents were tested by the mycelial growth rate and spore germination methods against the pathogen.Calculation of synergistic factors for mycelial growth and spore germination by Wadley method,respectively.And determine the optimal ratio and conduct pot experiment.The results showed that myclobutanil 25% EC and prochloraz 45% ME had the best inhibitory effect on mycelial growth with EC50 0.001 2 mg·L^-1 and 0.004 6 mg·L^-1,respectively.Azoxystrobin 250 g·L^-1 SC and SYP-Z048 25% EC had the best inhibitory effect on spore germination with EC50 0.092 2 mg·L^-1 and 3.263 2 mg·L^-1,respectively.The four kinds of agents were screened by proportional mixing method.There were 2 mixing ratios obtained which had synergies and addition evaluation on mycelial growth and spore germination of the pathogen.Prochloraz and azoxystrobin were mixed with the mass ratio of 4∶1,SYP-Z048 and azoxystrobin were mixed with the mass ratio of 2∶3.The control effects on melon wilt were 80.42% and 76.57%,respectively,which were significantly higher than single-agent control by pot experiment with 10 mL per plant of 1.0 g·L^-1 fungicide solution.These results provide evidences for the use of control agents for Fusarium wilt of muskmelon.

关 键 词：甜瓜枯萎病 杀菌剂 增效系数 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]