欧债危机背景下英国公共管理改革探析——以养老保险系统和医疗服务体系改革为例  

Reforms of Public Administration of Britain after European Debt Crisis——Taking the Pension Insurance System and NHS as Case Studies

作　　者：王绍洪[1] 黄天颖 WANG Shaohong;HUANG Tianying(School of Economics,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610064,China;Chinese Society for Biomaterials,Chengdu Sichuan 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学经济学院,四川成都610064 [2]中国生物材料学会,四川成都610064

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2019年第10期81-87,共7页Journal of Leshan Normal University

基　　金：教育部西部和边疆地区青年基金资助项目“欧债危机背景下欧盟成员国公共管理改革比较研究”(14XJC630007)

摘　　要：英国的养老保险系统和医疗服务系统都关涉普通民众的福祉,是构建福利国家的两个重要支柱,但欧债危机爆发后,英国的这两个系统都暴露出不少问题。为减少政府财政负担,同时也为了改善民生,英国政府在欧债危机爆发后对这两个系统都进行了大刀阔斧的改革,为解决养老金替代率水平低、职业养老金实际覆盖面小的问题,政府采取了延长退休年龄和强制购买职业养老金的措施;为提高医疗服务系统的效率,英国政府通过建立“联合诊所”从结构上对系统进行了改革。改革取得了一定成效,但还是存在一些问题。British Pension System and National Health Service (NHS)are essential to the well-being of ordinary people,which are two important pillars of the welfare state. But many problems and defects of these two systems were exposed in the wake of European debt crisis. In order to reduce the financial burden on the government and improve people's livelihood,the British government launched a series of drastic reforms. To deal with the problems of low pension replacement rate and low coverage of occupational pensions,the government prolonged the retirement age and made the purchase of occupational pensions mandatory. To improve the efficiency and effectiveness of NHS,the government carried out structural reform by establishing polyclinics. Such reforms are fruitful,but there still exist some drawbacks.

关 键 词：公共管理改革 英国 养老保险系统 英国国民医疗服务体系 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]