叶面喷施壳寡糖对华脆苹果光合作用和果实品质的影响  

Effects of foliar sprayed chitosan oligosaccharides on photosynthesis and fruit quality of Huacui apple

作　　者：李映龙[1] 单守明[1] 刘成敏[1] 平吉成[1] Li Yinglong;Shan Shouming;Liu Chengmin;Ping Jicheng(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2019年第3期19-22,共4页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏科技重点研发项目“特色优势作物品种引选与配套技术研究”

摘　　要：以华脆苹果为试材,研究叶面喷施不同质量浓度壳寡糖对叶片光合作用和果实品质的影响.结果表明:苹果着色前,在叶面喷施不同质量浓度壳寡糖,可提高叶片叶绿素含量和Rubisco活性,使叶片净光合速率和气孔导度提高.ρ(壳寡糖)=100 mg/L处理显著提高了转化酶、山梨醇脱氢酶、山梨醇氧化酶和ATPase酶活性,使果实中淀粉和可溶性糖显著提高,最终显著提高了成熟果实中可溶性总糖和花色苷含量,果实硬度也得到显著提高.因此,苹果着色前,在叶面喷施适当质量浓度的壳寡糖,可通过提高叶绿素含量和Rubisco活性显著提高叶片光合作用速率,同时显著提高果实中糖分积累关键酶活性,最终提高果实品质.The paper studied on the effects of the photosynthesis and fruit quality of the Huacui apple on foliar sprayed different concentration of chitosan oligosaccharides. The main results showed: the chlorophyll content and Rubisco activities in the leaf, with chitosan oligosaccharides sprayed before fruit coloring, were obviously increased. At the same time, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance were significantly increased. The activities of cell wall invertase, acid invertase,sorbitol dehydrogenase, sorbitol oxidase, and ATPase with 100 mg/L chitosan oligosaccharides treatment were significantly increased. Starch and content of total soluble sugar were very significantly increased, in the end, the content of total soluble sugar, anthocyanin and fresh hardness in mature fruit, were significantly increased. So, it is concluded that suitable concentration of chitosan oligosaccharides, sprayed before fruit coloring, can improve the apple fruit quality, through increasing the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis and key enzymes activities of sugar accumulation.

关 键 词：壳寡糖 光合作用 果实品质 苹果 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]