光面爆破在节理裂隙发育巷道掘进中的试验研究  

The experimental research of smooth blasting for roadway excavation with developed joint fissure

作　　者：王怀勇[1] 裴斌 王顺 张鹏飞 WANG Huaiyong;PEI Bin;WANG Shun;ZHANG Pengfei(China ENFI Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;West Ujimqin Banner YinMan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Xilin Gol League 026200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038 [2]西乌珠穆沁旗银漫矿业有限责任公司,内蒙古锡林郭勒026200

出　　处：《中国矿业》2019年第A02期373-376,共4页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：某多金属地下开采矿床的主要巷道布置在凝灰质粉砂岩中,该岩体节理裂隙发育,平均节理密度达6条/m,岩体较破碎,工程岩体质量级别为Ⅳ类。巷道一直采用普通爆破法掘进,虽然掘进速度较快,但造成巷道超挖严重、支护成本高、后期维护量较大等问题,迫切需要提高巷道掘进质量。文章阐述了光面爆破技术的机理和参数选取方法,针对该破碎岩体条件开展了光面爆破试验研究,取得较好的效果。试验结果表明:①光面爆破法能够明显降低对巷道围岩的破坏作用,壁面较平整,半孔率达到80%以上;②合理地优化孔网参数、装药结构,使光面爆破成本比普通爆破法略低;③当巷道沿着构造带时,通过加密构造带附近的光面爆破空孔,能够有效减少对构造带的破坏。The main roadways of a polymetallic underground mine are arranged in tuffaceous siltstone,which is developed with joint and fissure.The average joint density of the rock mass is 6 strips/meter.The rock mass is broken,and the classification of engineering rock mass is class IV.In this mine,roadways have been excavated by ordinary blasting method.Although the speed of excavation is relatively fast,it causes lots of problems,such as serious over-excavation,high cost of support and large maintenance in the later period.In this paper,the mechanism and parameters of the smooth blasting technique are expounded.According to the characteristics of rock mass in this mine,a reasonable smooth blasting design is proposed.The experimental research has been carried out successfully.The experimental research results show that the smooth blasting method can significantly reduce the damage to the surrounding rock of the roadway,the wall surface is relatively flat,and the half hole rate reaches more than 80%;according to optimizing the parameters of the hole network and the structure of the charge,the cost of smooth blasting is slightly lower than that of the ordinary blasting method;when the roadway is along with the structural belt,the damage to the structural belt can be effectively reduced by encrypting empty holes near the structural belt.

关 键 词：光面爆破 破碎岩体 巷道掘进 间隔装药 不耦合装药 

分 类 号：TD235.37[矿业工程—矿井建设]