7075-T6铝合金板材焊接工艺及残余应力试验研究  

Experimental study on welding technology and residual stress of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy sheet

作　　者：田泽明[1] TIAN Ze-ming(Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin 644003, China)

机构地区：[1]宜宾职业技术学院

出　　处：《轻合金加工技术》2019年第10期46-50,57,共6页Light Alloy Fabrication Technology

摘　　要：对7075-T6铝合金板进行MIG焊接工艺试验研究,选择ER5356铝合金焊丝进行低强匹配,发现焊接电流在190 A^210 A时软化区域约4 mm,焊接电流220 A^230 A时软化区域增大至5 mm。为保证焊接接头质量及生产效率,同时结合工程制造实际情况建议焊接电流选择210 A。进一步对焊接电流210 A的试板进行残余应力试验检测,焊缝中心残余应力最大达到378. 1 N/mm2,但高应力区仅存在距中心10 mm区域内,其应力梯度较大,最大值小于7075-T6铝合金板材的屈服强度。采用ANSYS软件进行了焊接残余应力计算,整体应力分布趋势与实测值基本吻合,但计算结果略大,理论计算结果更趋于保守,可供以后的铝合金焊接提供参考。The study was conducted on MIG welding technology of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy plate. ER5356 aluminum alloy wire was selected for low strength matching. It is found that the softening area is about 4 mm when the welding current is 190 A-210 A,and increases to 5 mm when the welding current is 220 A-230 A. In order to ensure the quality and production efficiency of welding joints,it is recommended to select 210 A welding current according to the actual situation of engineering and manufacturing. The residual stress test was then carried out on the test sheet with welding current 210 A. The maximum residual stress of weld center reaches 378. 1 N/mm2. However,the high stress area only exists within10 mm from the center,and its stress gradient is relatively large,and the maximum value is less than the yield strength of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy sheet. The welding residual stress was calculated by ANSYS software. The overall stress distribution trend is basically consistent with the measured value,but the calculation results are slightly larger,and the theoretical calculation results tend to be more conservative,which can provide reference for future aluminum alloy welding.

关 键 词：7075-T6铝合金板 MIG焊接 焊接电流 力学性能 焊接残余应力 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]