松散地层隧道防坍塌控制技术研究  

Study on Collapse Control Technology of Tunnel in Loose Ground

作　　者：金涛 李博融[1] 董长松[1] JIN Tao;LI Borong;DONG Changsong(CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,LTD,State Key Laboratory of Road Engineering Safety and Health in Cold and High-Altitude Regions,Xi'an 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司高寒高海拔地区道路工程安全与健康国家重点实验室

出　　处：《灾害学》2019年第A01期52-57,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFF0108700);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0802202);西藏自治区重点研发与转化计划项目(XZ201801-GB-07)

摘　　要：松散砂卵石地层围岩自稳时间极短,开挖后若不支护会立即坍塌,危及施工安全。根据地层特征曲线支护阻力与围岩位移的关系,若围岩自稳时间比支护施工时间短,支护结构要承受较大松散围岩压力,在这种地层中适时的支护时间已没有意义,必须采用合理的隧道防坍塌控制。施工中须根据砂卵石地层工程地质特征、隧道施工方案特点和周围环境的限制要求,合理选择支护措施,有效加固砂体,抑制围岩变形,以解决砂卵石隧道超前支护措施的选取、初期支护参数的优化、变形速率比值判别标准、衬砌结构施工力学行为、砂卵石地层围岩压力分布特征及洞室收敛变形的控制技术难题。研究成果可更好地保障砂卵石地层公路隧道的施工安全。The self-stabilization time of surrounding rock in loose sandy and pebble stratum is very short.If there is no support after excavation,it will collapse immediately,endangering the safety of construction.According to the relationship between support resistance of stratum characteristic curve and displacement of surrounding rock,if the time of self-stabilization of surrounding rock is shorter than that of support construction,the support structure will bear relatively large pressure of loose surrounding rock.Timely support time in this stratum is no longer meaningful,and reasonable tunnel collapse control must be adopted.According to the engineering geological characteristics of gravel stratum,the characteristics of tunnel construction scheme and the restriction requirements of surrounding environment,reasonable support measures should be selected to effectively reinforce the sand body and restrain the deformation of surrounding rock in order to solve the selection of advanced support measures for gravel tunnel,the optimization of initial support parameters and the criteria for determining the ratio of deformation rate.Mechanics behavior of lining structure construction,pressure distribution characteristics of surrounding rock in sandy gravel stratum and technical difficulties in controlling convergence deformation of tunnel are discussed.The research results can better guarantee the construction safety of highway tunnel in sandy gravel stratum.

关 键 词：松散地层 隧道工程 施工控制 监控量测 

分 类 号：U455.4[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] X43[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]