贵州产白及组培瓶苗分级标准及其验证  

Classification Criteria and Verification of Bletilla Tissue Culture Seedlings in Guizhou

作　　者：陈磊 唐成林 熊万 王礼科 罗夫来[1,2] 赵致 CHEN Lei;TANG Chenglin;XIONG Wan;WANG Like;LUO Fulai;ZHAO Zhi(College of Agriculture,Guizhou Unirersity,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicine Plants, Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Agricultural Exhibition Hall,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省药用植物繁育与种植重点(工程)实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省农业展览馆,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2019年第10期110-114,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL2017009);贵州省药用植物繁育与种植人才基地项目(黔人领发201315)

摘　　要：制定贵州产白及的质量分级标准,为贵州产白及组培瓶苗销售和栽培提供理论依据和借鉴,以通过组培方法获得的白及组培瓶苗为试验材料,对白及组培瓶苗农艺性状进行测定并作相关性分析、主成分分析、K-均值聚类分析,制定白及组培瓶苗质量分级初级标准,并以移栽存活率为考察指标对该标准进行验证。结果表明:白及组培瓶苗分级标准为Ⅰ级苗假鳞茎直径≥7mm,株高≥8cm;Ⅱ级苗假鳞茎直径≥5.5mm,株高≥4cm;Ⅲ级苗假鳞茎直径≥4mm,株高≥4cm;Ⅰ级苗、Ⅱ级苗、Ⅲ级苗和等外苗的存活率分别为91.67%、68.33%、56.67%和34.34%;各等级白及组培瓶苗在培养过程中相对叶绿素先下降再上升,到一定程度后都趋于稳定,等级之间差异较小;炼苗培养90d后,Ⅰ级苗的出芽率(70%)和单株的新芽数(1~2个/株)明显高于Ⅱ级苗和Ⅲ级苗,且根系发达。白及组培瓶苗质量越好,越容易适应外界生长条件,炼苗移栽后存活率越高。In order to establish the quality grading standard of Bletilla produced in Guizhou,and also to provide theoretical basis and reference for the sales and cultivation of Bletilla tissue culture bottles,using the Bletilla tissue culture seedlings as experimental materials,then the primary quality standard of the Bletilla tissue culture seedlings was carried out by determining the agronomic traits of Bletilla tissue culture seedlings,and conducting correlated analysis,principal component analysis and K-means cluster analysis. The standard was validated by the survival rate of transplanting. Results: Bletilla tissue culture seedlings’ bulb diameter and plant height were ≥7 mm and ≥8 cm respectively at grade Ⅰ;Which were ≥5.5 mm and ≥4 cm at grade Ⅱ,and ≥4 mm and ≥4 cm at grade Ⅲ;the seedling survival rates at grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and poor grade were respectively 91.67%,68.33%,56.67%,and 34.34%;The relative chlorophyll of Bletilla tissue culture seedlings at all grades during culture process decreased first and then rose to a certain extent and tended to be stable,the difference between the grades was small. In addition,after 90 days of culturing,the sprouting rate of the first-grade seedlings (70%) and the number of new shoots per plant (1-2 per plant) were significantly greater than grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and its root system was prosperous. The higher the quality of Bletilla tissue culture seedlings is,the easier it is to adapt to the external growth conditions and the higher the survival rate of the transplanted hardening-seedling is.

关 键 词：白及 组培瓶苗 质量分级 栽培 存活率 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]