尿素醇解制备碳酸乙烯酯的动力学研究  

Kinetic study of preparation of ethylene carbonate by urea alcoholysis

作　　者：林勇刚 杨座国[1] LIN Yong-gang;YANG Zuo-guo(East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化工学院

出　　处：《化学工程》2019年第10期69-72,共4页Chemical Engineering(China)

摘　　要：采用氧化锌作为催化剂,利用尿素和乙二醇反应生成碳酸乙烯酯,对反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量等影响因素进行了考察。研究发现,最佳反应温度为150℃,最佳反应时间为3 h,最佳催化剂用量(质量分数)为5.0%时,在该条件下,反应收率可达89.9%。反应过程中尿素选择性较高,为98%,副产物较少。通过对反应的动力学研究,排除外扩散影响,尿素反应级数为2级反应,表观活化能为33.86 kJ/mol,指前因子为1.53×10^5。Using zinc oxide as a catalyst, ethylene carbonate was prepared by reacting with urea and ethylene glycol. The influencing factors such as reaction temperature, time and catalyst dosage were studied. When the temperature is 150 ℃, the reaction time is 3 hours, and the catalyst dosage is 5.0%, the reaction can reach a good yield of 89.9%.By studying the kinetics of urea reaction, excluding the influence of external diffusion, the reaction order of urea is 2, the apparent activation energy is 33.86 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor is 1.53×10^5.

关 键 词：尿素 乙二醇 动力学 碳酸乙烯酯 

分 类 号：TQ203.2[化学工程—有机化工]