长江口表层沉积物中合成聚酯降解菌的多样性研究  

Diversity of Polyester Degrading Bacteria in Surface Sediments from Yangtze River Estuary

作　　者：刘欣 Patrick HILLE 郑明刚 高萍 尚琨 韦韧 刘同军[1] 曲凌云 LIU Xin;Patrick HILLE;ZHENG Ming-Gang;GAO Ping;SHANG Kun;WEI Ren;LIU Tong-Jun;QU Ling-Yun(Qilu University of Technology,Jinan 250353,China;First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao 266061,China;Universit t Leipzig,Leipzig 04103,Germany;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学,山东济南250353 [2]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [3]莱比锡大学,德国Leipzig04103 [4]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第12期56-66,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：第二轮中德海洋与极地领域合作重大项目“中国沿海生态系统中塑料垃圾附着微生物群落演替及新型塑料降解微生物的鉴别”项目(QY0518016)资助~~

摘　　要：为初步了解长江口邻近海域可降解合成聚酯菌株的多样性,本研究采用含聚己内酯(polycaprolactone,PCL)和甘油三丁酸酯(Tributyrin)的固体培养基,利用透明圈法从长江口邻近海域不同时间表层沉积物的菌种库中筛选具有降解PCL和Tributyrin活性的菌株。本研究共获得480株具有PCL或Tributyrin降解活性的菌株,其中能同时降解PCL和Tributyrin的445株,仅能降解Tributyrin的34株,仅能降解PCL的1株,分别占全部菌株数的92.71%、7.08%、0.22%。分类研究表明,这些菌株分属于14个属50个种,2、5、7、9月获得的可降解PCL和Tributyrin菌株的优势属分别为Psychrobacter、Bacillus、Vibrio、Vibrio。其中弧菌属在5、7、9月均有出现,尤其是在7月占比较大。多样性指数分析表明长江口近海表层沉积物中合成聚酯降解菌生物多样性5月>2月>9月>7月;Tributyrin降解菌生物多样性高于PCL降解菌生物多样性。研究结果表明,中国长江口临近海域表层沉积物中PCL、Tributyrin降解菌种类丰富,在该区域塑料生物降解中发挥重要作用。The diversity of polyester degrading bacterial strains,which were isolated in different seasons in surface sediments from the Yangtze River Estuary,was investigated by a clear zone method on polycaprolactone(PCL)and tributyrin containing agar plates.A total of 480 bacterial strains with PCL and tributyrin degradation activity were obtained,belonging to 14 genera and 50 species.Among them,445 strains could degrade both PCL and tributyrin,34 strains could only degrade tributyrin,one strain could only degrade PCL,accounting for 92.71%、7.08%、0.22%of total detected strains,respectively.The dominant bacteria able to degrade PCL and tributyrin isolated in February,May,July and September were found to be Psychrobacter,Bacillus,Vibrio and Vibrio,respectively.Vibrio could be isolated in May,July and September,and more pronounced in July.Diversity index analysis showed a decreasing trend of the biodiversity of plastic degrading bacterial strains isolated in May,February,September,July in the sediments from Yangtze River Estuary.Higher diversity of tributyrin degrading bacterial strains was observed than that of PCL degrading bacterial strains.The results suggested an abundant diversity of PCL and tributyrin degrading bacterial strains in surface sediments from the Yangtze River Estuary.These bacteria was estimated to play an important role in the biodegradation of plastics in the sediments of the Yangtze River Estuary.

关 键 词：长江口 沉积物 聚己内酯 甘油三丁酸酯 多样性 

分 类 号：Q939.99[生物学—微生物学]