热塑性淀粉材料的表面疏水化反应  

Surface Hydrophobization of Thermoplastic Starch Material

作　　者：于九皋[1] 刘泽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学理学院,天津300072

出　　处：《应用化学》2002年第11期1068-1071,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

摘　　要：用反应性试剂 (TDI/蓖麻油预聚体 )对热塑性淀粉材料 (TPS)表面进行了疏水化处理。研究了预聚体与 TPS表面的反应性、涂层的疏水性能以及涂层的形貌。红外光谱 (IR)分析结果表明 ,预聚体与 TPS之间发生了反应 ,为反应性涂层 ;样品表面的接触角变化速率由原来的 3 .90°/ min变为 0 .3～ 0 .4°/ min,表明 TDI/蓖麻油体系涂层样品表面的疏水性能与 TPS相比有了很大的改善。涂层液的粘度及 n(— NCO) / n(— OH)比例对材料厚度等性能有很大的影响 ,n(—NCO) / n(— OH)为 2时 ,涂层表面光滑透明 ,韧性好 ,具有良好的综合性能 ;n(— NCO) / n(— OH)大于 2时 ,涂层表面粗糙且脆。涂层厚度可以通过改变涂层预聚体的粘度来进行调节。The surface of the thermoplastic starch(TPS) material made from native starch and glycerol(3∶1 by mass) has been hydrophobizated with reactive prepolymer of toluene diisocyanate(TDI)/castor oil (n(-NCO)∶n(-OH) from 2∶1 to 8∶1). The reactions between prepolymer and TPS, the hydrophobicity and the appearance of different coatings are studied and confirmed by IR. The change rate of contact angles of the materials with water decreased from 3.90°/min(uncoated) to 0.3~0.4°/min for TPS coated, resulting in great improvement of the surface hydrophobicity of TPS, have the viscosity and n(-NCO)/n(-OH) ratio of the prepolymer appeared the important factors. The sample surface coated with prepolymer of n(-NCO)∶n(-OH)=2∶1 was smooth and transparent, while that coated with prepolymer of n(-NCO)∶n(-OH)=4∶1 and 8∶1 were rough and brittle. The coating thickness could be controlled by the viscosity of the prepolymer.

关 键 词：热塑性淀粉材料 表面疏水化反应 表面处理 TDI 蓖麻油 

分 类 号：O636.12[理学—高分子化学]