几种化学药剂对破除葡萄与桃自然休眠的效果  

Effects of Some Chemicals on Dormancy Breaking of Grape and Peach Trees

作　　者：高东升[1] 李宪利[1] 束怀瑞[1] 王艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《果树学报》2002年第6期385-388,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2001AA247041);山东省教育厅青年基金资助项目(531-32531)。

摘　　要：以桃、葡萄为试材,探讨多种化学药剂和外源生长调节剂打破休眠的效应。结果表明:CaCN2打破葡萄的休眠效果稳定,可使萌芽提早6～17d,并提高萌芽率,其破眠效果随需冷量的增加而显著;几种化学药剂在桃树上应用,其打破休眠的效果差异较大,CaCN2、NH4NO3对打破桃休眠无效,硫脲的破眠效果最明显,可使叶芽萌发提前9～12d、花芽6d,并提高萌芽率;KNO3对破除休眠亦有一定效果。外源生长调节剂对休眠的调节作用因调节剂种类、浓度和使用时间而异:Ze(50mg/L)+GA3(100mg/L)可完全打破叶芽的休眠,100mg/L6-BA对尚未完成自然休眠的花芽萌发有明显的促进作用,IAA和2,4-D却对芽的萌发表现出强烈的抑制作用。Grape and peach cultivars were used as experimental materials and the effects of chemicals on dormancy breaking were studied.The results showed that the grape bud dormancy could be broken efficiently by CaCN 2 treatment ,time of bud germination advanced6～17d and the germination rate raised but it had no effects on peach trees.Thiourea had the most obvi-ously effect on peach bud dormancy release,by the Thiourea treatment ,peach vegetative bud germination advanced9～12d and6d for flower bud.KNO 3 also had some extent effect on dormancy release.Dormancy of peach vegetative bud could be completely broken by regulators such as Ze(50mg /L)and GA 3 (100mg /L),germination of peach flower bud before the end of dormancy could be obvious promoted with spraying of6-BA(100mg /L).However,IAA and2,4-D showed inhibition ef-fect for bud germination.

关 键 词：化学药剂 葡萄 桃 自然休眠 破除效果 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S662.1[农业科学—园艺学]