Trace elements in particles of motor vehicle exhaust in Shanghai  

作　　者：JIANGDa QIUZhi－Jun 等 

机构地区：[1]LabortatoryofNuclearAnalysisTechniques,ShanghaiInstituteofNuclearReseatch,theChineseAcademyofSciences,Shanghai201800 [2]LabortatoryofNuclearAnalysisTechniques,ShanghaiInstituteofNucl

出　　处：《Nuclear Science and Techniques》2002年第1期57-64,共8页核技术（英文）

基　　金：Supported by the National Natural science Foundation of China (Major Project No. 19392100, andProject No. 19475061)

摘　　要：A nuclear microprobe with high spatial resolution and high analytical sensitivity was applied to analyze trace elements, especially lead, in vehicle exhaust of Shanghai city. The result shows that the chemical composition and its corresponding x-ray relative intensity are different among different vehicle exhausts. There are many kinds of metal elements in particles of vehicle exhaust, most arc harmful to people, such as Ti, Cr, Mn, Ph. etc. We found that the lead concentration was 6820 μg/g and the bromine concentration was 5300 μg/g iii the exhaust from Santana using leaded gasoline (SULG), which is higher than any other kinds of vehicle exhausts. We have also detected the minimum lead in the particles of unleaded gasoline and its content varies from one to another. Its mean concentration was 450 μg/g and the highest reached 6210 μg/g. The unleaded gasoline’s Pb existed in the whole particle while the leaded gasoline’s enriched in the surface of the particle and was more harmful to the human beings.A nuclear microprobe with high spatial resolution and high analytical sensitivity was applied to analyze trace elements, especially lead, in vehicle exhaust of Shanghai city. The result shows that the chemical composition and its corresponding x-ray relative intensity are different among different vehicle exhausts. There are many kinds of metal elements in particles of vehicle exhaust, most arc harmful to people, such as Ti, Cr, Mn, Ph. etc. We found that the lead concentration was 6820 μg/g and the bromine concentration was 5300 μg/g iii the exhaust from Santana using leaded gasoline (SULG), which is higher than any other kinds of vehicle exhausts. We have also detected the minimum lead in the particles of unleaded gasoline and its content varies from one to another. Its mean concentration was 450 μg/g and the highest reached 6210 μg/g. The unleaded gasoline's Pb existed in the whole particle while the leaded gasoline's enriched in the surface of the particle and was more harmful to the human beings.

关 键 词：机动车排放 废气 微量元素 大气污染 

分 类 号：TK414.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]