黑土长期施肥及养分循环再利用的作物产量及土壤肥力质量变化Ⅲ.土壤养分收支  

Changes of crop yield and soil fertility under long-term application of fertilizer and recycled nutrients in manure on a black soil Ⅲ.Soil nutrient budget.

作　　者：刘鸿翔[1] 王德禄[1] 王守宇[1] 孟凯[1] 韩晓增[1] 张璐[2] 沈善敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院黑龙江农业现代化研究所,哈尔滨150040 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2002年第11期1410-1412,共3页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (NKBRSF619990 11840 0 2 );中国科学院"九五"重点基金项目 (KZ95 2 J1 2 14 )

摘　　要：计算了 1985～ 1999年试验期间各模拟施肥模型的作物移出养分量和施肥输入养分量 .结果表明 ,施用N肥可加剧土壤P收支赤字 ,而施用N、P肥则加剧土壤K收支赤字 .实验展示了我国在 2 0世纪70年代大面积贫P土壤和 80年代大面积缺K土壤出现的原因 .保持养分循环再利用可缓解土壤养分收支赤字 ,但不能满足丰产作物的养分需求 .在保持养分循环利用基础上根据土壤肥力适当施用化肥 ,可满足丰产作物的养分需求和平衡土壤养分收支 ,不致发生大量过剩N进入环境 .The nutrient budget of fertilization models under different treatments was calculated using data from a field experiment over the period of 1985～1999.The results indicated that application of nitrogen fertilizer accelerated a large deficit of soil phosphorus, and the use of nitrogen and phosphorus accelerated the deficit of potassium.The experimental data demonstrated the appearance of a large area of soil deficit of phosphorus from 1970s and of potassium from 1980s in China.Nutrient recycled in farming system improved soil nutrient budget, but could not meet the nutrient requirements from high yield crops.The use of recycled nutrients with an appropriate use of fertilizers according to the soil fertility could produce higher crop yields, balance soil nutrient budget, and not cause surplus nutrients to emit into environment.

关 键 词：黑土 长期施肥 养分循环再利用 作物产量 土壤肥力 质量变化 土壤养分收支 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]