模拟降雨条件下施肥方法对坡面磷素流失的影响  

Effects of phosphorus application methods on phosphorus loss on sloping land under simulated rainfall.

作　　者：李裕元[1] 邵明安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2002年第11期1421-1424,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 1860 5 );国家杰出青年基金资助项目 (4 0 0 2 5 10 6) .

摘　　要：采用模拟降雨的方法研究了 3种施肥方法对P素流失形态与流失过程的影响 .结果表明 ,P肥在土壤中的混匀程度越高 ,则越容易导致生物有效P(BAP)的流失 .混施条件下 ,径流中水溶态P(DP)与BAP含量、DP/BAP与BAP/TP(总P)比值均较高 ;其次为穴施 ;条施条件下DP、BAP含量最低 ,DP/BAP与BAP/TP比值也相对较低 ,与对照间的差异不明显 .施肥方法对径流中TP含量影响较小 .从减少P素肥料流失的角度来讲 ,3种施肥方法作用大小顺序为 :条施 >穴施 >混施 .A simulated rainfall experiment was conducted to study the effects of three phosphorus application methods on phosphorus loss and its forms in loss process. The results showed that the bio available P (BAP) loss in runoff was positively correlated to the mixed intensity of P applied into soil. Under mixed application (MA), the dissolved phosphorus (DP) concentration, BAP concentration, DP/BAP and BAP/TP ratio in runoff were all the highest, and those under point application (PA) were the second. Under line application (LA), DP and BAP concentrations were low, DP/BAP and BAP/TP ratio were also relatively low, and the difference compared with control was insignificant. According to the reduction of P loss, the order of the three P application methods was LA>PA>MA.

关 键 词：模拟降雨条件 施肥方法 坡面 磷素 P素形态 P素流失 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]