浅海声传播相速度对测向精度的影响  

The effect of acoustic waves' phase speed on preciseness of DOA estimation in shallow water

作　　者：宫在晓[1] 林京[1] 郭良浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《声学学报》2002年第6期492-496,共5页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10023004)

摘　　要：利用水听器阵接收声信号,通过波束形成判定目标方位,是水下目标方位估计的基本方法。为了提高声探测的作用距离,波束形成的工作频段往往低至几百赫兹以下,而这种情况下,波束形成中参考声速的选取对测向结果的影响尤其突出。本文结合实验数据进行了简要的理论分析和数值模拟,讨论了由于参考声速选取不适当而引起的测向误差,指出参考声速是声波传播的相速度,而低频段的相速度具有明显的随频率变化特性。最后,提出利用声场匹配的方法来提高低频长线阵的测向精度。The conventional beamformer is usually used to process signals received by the hydrophone arrays in direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The reference sound speed in the beamformer plays an important role, especially at low frequency over a few hundred hertz. Errors in DOA estimation due to improper reference sound speed are analyzed in the following theoretical and numerical study. It is also indicated that the reference sound speed should be the phase velocity, which changes with the frequency evidently at low frequency. Finally, one kind of matched field method is introduced to improve the preciseness of DOA estimations with long hydrophone arrays at low frequency.

关 键 词：浅海 声传播 相速度 测向精度 水声探测 声场匹配 

分 类 号：P733.2[天文地球—物理海洋学]