小豆种质资源同工酶遗传多样性分析与评价  

Genetic Diversity Assessment of Adzuki Bean Germplasm Resources Based on Isozyme Analysis

作　　者：王述民[1] 谭富娟[1] 胡家蓬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第11期1311-1318,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：澳大利亚国际农业研究中心 (ACIAR)资助项目 (PN .96/ 964 )

摘　　要：对 5 8份野生小豆和 2 4 9份栽培小豆种质资源进行了酯酶 (EST)、过氧化物酶 (PER)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)和超氧歧化酶 (SOD)的检测分析 ,共检测到 6个基因位点 ,33个等位基因。小豆等位酶基因在野生种中的分布频率高于栽培种 ,在国内地方种中的分布频率高于日本地方种。 4种同工酶的 6个基因位点的平均杂合度为0 .6 5 1,其中野生小豆的杂合度 (0 .6 36 )低于栽培小豆 (0 .6 6 4 ) ,说明小豆在长期的驯化和栽培过程中已经发生了遗传上的变异。依据同工酶谱带信息 ,把供试种质聚类并划分为 5个组群 ,野生种明显聚为 1类 ,栽培种聚为 4类 ,类群之间存在明显的遗传差异 ,但同工酶等位基因的多样性与地理区域的差异似乎看不出明显的相关性。Three hundred and seven accessions of adzuki bean Vinga angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi germplasm were assayed by four isozymes, esterase(EST), peroxidase(PER), malate dehydrogenase(MDH) and superoxide dismutase(SOD). Six allzymic loci and 33 alleles were detected. All the allzymic loci were polymorphic. The frequency distribution of allzymic loci in wild species was higher comparing with Chinese landraces while the frequency distribution of Chinese landraces was higher comparing with alien varieties. The average heterozygosity of six allzymic loci was 0.651 and the cultivated varieties had a higher heterozygosity(0.664) comparing with wild species(0.636). The probable reason was that mutation occurred during adzuki bean evolution. Five groups were clustered based on the isozyme data and almost wild accessions were clearly clustered into one group. The genetic distance was significant among groups. It appeared that there was no obvious association between allzymic diversity and different adzuki bean geographical regions.

关 键 词：小豆 种质资源 同工酶 遗传多样性 遗传杂合度 覆类分析 

分 类 号：S521[农业科学—作物学]