小麦不同生育时期施氮对穗花发育和产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application at Different Wheat Growth Stages on Floret Development and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat

作　　者：朱云集[1] 崔金梅[1] 王晨阳[1] 郭天财[1] 夏国军[1] 刘万代[1] 王永华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,国家小麦工程技术研究中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第11期1325-1329,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"九五"重中之重科技攻关项目研究部分内容 (95 -0 0 1-0 2 )

摘　　要：在高产条件下 ,研究了春季小麦返青期、起身期、拔节期、孕穗期、抽穗期施氮对小麦穗花发育、光合作用速率及产量因素的影响。结果表明 ,拔节期、孕穗期施氮可延长穗花发育的时间 ,以利穗花的平衡发育 ,减少穗花退化 ,增加穗粒数 ,发育中后期施氮还可提高小麦生育后期的光合速率 ,延长灌浆高峰期的时间 ,显著提高粒重和籽粒产量。Study was carried out on effect of nitrogen application at different wheat growth stages on the floret development, the photosynthetic rate, the yield and its components of winter wheat. The result indicated that nitrogen applied at the Jointing stage and the Booting stage of wheat growth elongated the period for floret development, promoted the balance growth of floret and reduced the floret decadence number, thus increased the grain number per spike. Nitrogen applied at the middle and the late stages of wheat development increased the photosynthetic ability of the plant leaves in the later stage, and also lengthened the peak of grain filling stage, thus enhanced the grain weight and yield of wheat significantly.

关 键 词：生育时期 产量 小麦 花发育 穗发育 氮肥 肥料运筹 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]