粗皮侧耳粗毒素的杀线虫活性及其基本特性  

Nematicidtal Activity and Elementary Characteristics of the Crude Toxin from Pleurotus ostreatus

作　　者：向红琼[1] 冯志新[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学植物保护系,贵阳550025 [2]华南农业大学线虫研究室,广州510642

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第11期1349-1355,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：粗皮侧耳 (Pleurotusostreatus)菌物能产生杀线虫毒素。菌丝细胞提取物和菌丝液体培养滤液对植物寄生线虫的卵、幼虫及成虫均具有较强的毒杀活性 ;用乙酸乙酯从该菌丝麦粒培养物中提取的粗毒素稀释 10倍 ,击倒 95 %的线虫 (Panagrellusredivivus)仅需 4 .5h ;该菌产生的毒素可溶于水及各种有机溶剂 ,石油醚除外 ,对热和酸碱均具有高度的稳定性 ,尤其对酸的稳定性强 ,对线虫的毒杀活性具有一定的广谱性。The hyphae of Pleurotus ostreatus can produce nematotoxin. The culture filtrate of the hyphae and the extract of hyphal cells contain nematotoxin. They can kill plant parasitic nematodes and strongly deter the embryonic development of plant parasitic nematodes or kill its embryos. The active component of nematocide was detected in the ethyl acetate crude extract from P. ostreatus hyphae cultured on moistened, autoclaved wheat. When the crude toxin of P.ostreatus was diluted 10 times, 95% nematodes are immobilized within 4.5 h. The nematotoxin of P. ostreatus dissolves in water, acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol, but the neamticidal activity was not detected in petroleum ether. It can be considered that the nematicidal toxin is a complex compound. The crude toxin did not lose its activity at pH3-11 or high temperature (121℃). Bioassay results showed that the nematicidal crude toxin has activity to some saprophytic nematodes and plant parasite nematodes, such as Hirschmaniella orgzae, Pratylenchus sp., Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Meloidogyne Meloidogyne incognita and so on.

关 键 词：杀线虫活性 粗皮侧耳 杀线虫粗毒素 粗毒素 提取 理化特性 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]