电化学方法制备纳米NiO及反应机理初探  

Electrochemical Preparation and Reaction Mechanism of Nanocrystalline NiO

作　　者：顾家山[1] 韩爱杰[1] 周幸福[1] 褚道葆[1] 林昌健[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学化学与材料科学学院有机化学研究所,安徽芜湖241000 [2]厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《电化学》2002年第4期427-432,共6页Journal of Electrochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (2 98730 39);安徽省自然科学基金 (0 0 0 4 6112;0 0 0 4 5 317)资助

摘　　要：采用电化学法一步制备了镍醇盐配合物Ni(OEt) 2 (acac) 2 (acac为乙酰丙酮基 ) ,并以其作为前驱体 ,控制一定水解条件制得胶体 ,分别在 4 5 0℃ ,60 0℃煅烧均得到具有立方晶型的纳米NiO粉体 .通过红外光谱 (FT_IR)、核磁共振 (1HNMR)、拉曼光谱 (Ramanspectrum)、X_射线粉末衍射 (XRD)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)等手段对前驱体和NiO粉体进行了表征 .结果表明 ,电解合成的最佳温度为 30～ 4 0℃ ,不溶性镍醇盐配合物升温到 4 0～ 5 0℃即可溶解 .电解法制备得到的纳米NiO层呈球形单分散结构 ,粒径在 10～ 15nm左右 .Metallic nickel was electrochemically dissolved in absolute ethanol and acetylacetone mixed solutions and in the presence of Bu 4NBr (as an electron-conductive additive). The electrolyte solution containing the precursor was then directly hydrolyzed to obtain nanocrystalline NiO. The precursor was characterized by FTIR?HNMR?Raman spectra and the nano-powder was characterized by XRD and TEM. The results showed that the NiO powder after calcined at 450 ℃ had formed the cubic NaCl structure and the nanocrystalline NiO prepared by this method had narrow size distribution of 10～15 nm. Moreover, the product yield could be improved by controlling temperature below 30～40 ℃. The reaction mechanism was also discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：反应机理 电化学方法 溶胶-凝胶 纳米NIO 氧化镍 制备 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]